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光感受器变性对神经节细胞形态的影响。

The effect of photoreceptor degeneration on ganglion cell morphology.

作者信息

O'Brien E E, Greferath U, Fletcher E L

机构信息

Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.

出版信息

J Comp Neurol. 2014 Apr 1;522(5):1155-70. doi: 10.1002/cne.23487.

Abstract

Retinitis pigmentosa refers to a family of inherited photoreceptor degenerations resulting in blindness. During and after photoreceptor loss, neurons of the inner retina are known to undergo plastic changes. Here, we have investigated in detail whether ganglion cells are altered at late stages of degeneration, well after the total loss of photoreceptors. We used mice, rd1-Thy1, that carry a mutation in the β-subunit of phosphodiesterase 6 and a fluorescent protein that labels a subset of ganglion cells and B6-Thy1 control mice. Retinal wholemounts from mice aged 3-11 months were processed for immunohistochemistry and analyzed. Ganglion cells were classified based on soma area, dendritic field size, and branching of dendrites. The dendritic fields of some ganglion cells were further analyzed for their length, area and quantity of branching points. There was a decrease in size and level of branching of A2, B1, and D type ganglion cells in the degenerated retina at 11 months of age. In contrast, C1 ganglion cells remained unchanged. In addition, there was a shift in the proportion of ganglion cells ramifying in the different layers of the inner plexiform layer. Careful analysis of the dendrites of ganglion cells revealed some projecting to new, more distal regions of the inner plexiform layer. We propose that these changes in ganglion cell morphology could impact the function of individual cells as well as the retinal circuitry in the degenerated retina.

摘要

视网膜色素变性是指一系列导致失明的遗传性光感受器退化疾病。在光感受器丧失期间及之后,已知视网膜内层的神经元会发生可塑性变化。在此,我们详细研究了在光感受器完全丧失很久之后的退化后期,神经节细胞是否发生改变。我们使用了携带磷酸二酯酶6β亚基突变的rd1-Thy1小鼠和标记了一部分神经节细胞的荧光蛋白,以及B6-Thy1对照小鼠。对3至11个月龄小鼠的视网膜全层进行免疫组织化学处理并分析。根据细胞体面积、树突野大小和树突分支对神经节细胞进行分类。进一步分析了一些神经节细胞树突野的长度、面积和分支点数量。11个月龄时,退化视网膜中A2、B1和D型神经节细胞的大小和分支水平降低。相比之下,C1神经节细胞保持不变。此外,在内网状层不同层中分支的神经节细胞比例发生了变化。对神经节细胞树突的仔细分析显示,一些树突延伸到内网状层新的、更远端的区域。我们认为,神经节细胞形态的这些变化可能会影响单个细胞的功能以及退化视网膜中的视网膜回路。

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