Yamauchi Motoo, Jacono Frank J, Fujita Yukio, Kumamoto Makiko, Yoshikawa Masanori, Campanaro Cara K, Loparo Kenneth A, Strohl Kingman P, Kimura Hiroshi
Second Department of Internal Medicine (Department of Respiratory Medicine), Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan,
Sleep Breath. 2014 Dec;18(4):829-35. doi: 10.1007/s11325-014-0951-7. Epub 2014 Feb 13.
Poor sleep hygiene including sleeping in the daytime or with the lights on at night is discovered during the assessment of many sleep disorders including sleep apnea. The aim of this study was to investigate whether environmental light affected autonomic control of heart rate, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and/or breathing patterning.
Seventeen non-obese healthy volunteers without witnessed snoring and apneas were recruited. Studies were performed at home using a type 3 portable monitor combined with actigraphy for sleep-wake timing, using a randomly assigned, crossover between dark, or 1,000 lx of fluorescent lighting environment. The outcomes were low-frequency power divided by high-frequency power (LF/HF ratio) in the analysis of heart rate variability, the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and ventilatory pattern variability before and after sleep onset between environments.
The LF/HF ratio and AHI were both significantly higher in light as compared to dark. Before sleep onset, the coefficient of variation (CV) for breath-to-breath tidal volume representing breathing irregularity tended to be higher in light than in dark environment. The CV values for tidal volume after sleep onset were significantly decreased compared with before sleep onset in both sleep environments. Mutual information of the ventilatory pattern was significantly lower before sleep onset than after sleep onset, only in the light environment.
Sleeping in the light has effects like that of a stressor as it is associated with neuroexcitation, SDB, and resting breathing irregularity in healthy volunteers. These findings may be relevant to many sleep disorders associated with poor sleep hygiene.
在包括睡眠呼吸暂停在内的多种睡眠障碍评估过程中，发现存在睡眠卫生不良的情况，如白天睡觉或夜间开灯睡觉。本研究的目的是调查环境光是否会影响心率的自主控制、睡眠呼吸紊乱（SDB）和/或呼吸模式。
招募了17名无打鼾和呼吸暂停目击史的非肥胖健康志愿者。研究在受试者家中进行，使用3型便携式监测仪结合活动记录仪记录睡眠-觉醒时间，在黑暗或1000勒克斯荧光照明环境之间随机分配、交叉进行。观察指标为心率变异性分析中的低频功率除以高频功率（LF/HF比值）、呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）以及不同环境下睡眠开始前后的通气模式变异性。
与黑暗环境相比，光照环境下LF/HF比值和AHI均显著更高。睡眠开始前，代表呼吸不规则性的逐次潮气量变异系数（CV）在光照环境下往往高于黑暗环境。在两种睡眠环境中，睡眠开始后的潮气量CV值均较睡眠开始前显著降低。仅在光照环境下，睡眠开始前通气模式的互信息显著低于睡眠开始后。
在光照下睡眠具有应激源的作用，因为它与健康志愿者的神经兴奋、睡眠呼吸紊乱和静息呼吸不规则有关。这些发现可能与许多与睡眠卫生不良相关的睡眠障碍有关。
