Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710068, P.R. China.
Cell Biol Int. 2014 Apr;38(4):538-45. doi: 10.1002/cbin.10208. Epub 2014 Feb 12.
Efforts to get a strong and sustained anti-tumour immune response induced by a tumour specific antigen have failed, but sipuleucel-T has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). We noticed that exosomes secreted by tumour cells or immune cells may be crucially involved in the tumour immune response, whereas others have had inconsistent findings on exosome involvement. Based on immune network theory, we summarise research advances of exosomes and speculate that in the tumour immune response exosomes follow the immune response curve hypothesis. Exosomes activate simultabeously both immune activation and immune tolerance, but at different intensities. To obtain a desired anti-immune response, the initial point of immunity should be determined to achieve the strongest anti-tumour response, and repeated in vitro to extend and enhance this response. As a result, our hypothesis proposes that studies should now be directed at determining the exact time of exosome activity in maintaining a viable anti-tumour immune response in vivo.
虽然努力通过肿瘤特异性抗原诱导强烈和持续的抗肿瘤免疫反应已经失败，但 sipuleucel-T 已被美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 批准。我们注意到，肿瘤细胞或免疫细胞分泌的外泌体可能在肿瘤免疫反应中起着至关重要的作用，而其他研究则对外泌体的参与有不一致的发现。基于免疫网络理论，我们总结了外泌体的研究进展，并推测在肿瘤免疫反应中外泌体遵循免疫反应曲线假说。外泌体同时激活免疫激活和免疫耐受，但强度不同。为了获得理想的免疫反应，应该确定免疫的初始点，以获得最强的抗肿瘤反应，并在体外重复以延长和增强这种反应。因此，我们的假设提出，现在应该研究确定外泌体活性的确切时间，以维持体内可行的抗肿瘤免疫反应。
