Benders Manon J N L, Kersbergen Karina J, de Vries Linda S
Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, KE 04.123.1, PO Box 85090, Utrecht 3508 AB, The Netherlands.
Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, KE 04.123.1, PO Box 85090, Utrecht 3508 AB, The Netherlands.
Clin Perinatol. 2014 Mar;41(1):69-82. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2013.09.005. Epub 2013 Dec 17.
White matter injury and hemorrhage are common findings in extremely preterm infants. Large hemorrhages and extensive cystic lesions are identified with cranial ultrasound. MRI, which is more sensitive, is especially useful in the identification of small intraventricular hemorrhage; cerebellar hemorrhage; punctate lesion in the white matter and cerebellum; and diffuse, noncystic white matter injury. Imaging sequences such as diffusion-weighted, diffusion tensor, and susceptibility weighted imaging may improve recognition and prediction of outcome. These techniques improve understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of white matter injury and its effects on brain development and neurodevelopmental outcome.
白质损伤和出血是极早产儿的常见表现。通过头颅超声可发现大的出血和广泛的囊性病变。MRI更为敏感，在识别小的脑室内出血、小脑出血、白质和小脑的点状病变以及弥漫性、非囊性白质损伤方面尤其有用。弥散加权成像、弥散张量成像和磁敏感加权成像等成像序列可能会提高对白质损伤的识别及对预后的预测。这些技术有助于更好地理解白质损伤的潜在病理生理学及其对脑发育和神经发育结局的影响。
