University of Chicago and Sports Cardiology Consultants LLC, Chicago, Illinois; Bryan Heart-University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska.
University of Iowa Hospitals, Iowa City, Iowa.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Apr 22;63(15):1461-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.12.033. Epub 2014 Feb 13.
In recent years, athletic participation has more than doubled in all major demographic groups, while simultaneously, children and adults with established heart disease desire participation in sports and exercise. Despite conferring favorable long-term effects on well-being and survival, exercise can be associated with risk of adverse events in the short term. Complex individual cardiovascular (CV) demands and adaptations imposed by exercise present distinct challenges to the cardiologist asked to evaluate athletes. Here, we describe the evolution of sports and exercise cardiology as a unique discipline within the continuum of CV specialties, provide the rationale for tailoring of CV care to athletes and exercising individuals, define the role of the CV specialist within the athlete care team, and lay the foundation for the development of Sports and Exercise Cardiology in the United States. In 2011, the American College of Cardiology launched the Section of Sports and Exercise Cardiology. Membership has grown from 150 to over 4,000 members in just 2 short years, indicating marked interest from the CV community to advance the integration of sports and exercise cardiology into mainstream CV care. Although the current athlete CV care model has distinct limitations, here, we have outlined a new paradigm of care for the American athlete and exercising individual. By practicing and promoting this new paradigm, we believe we will enhance the CV care of athletes of all ages, and serve the greater athletic community and our nation as a whole, by allowing safest participation in sports and physical activity for all individuals who seek this lifestyle.
近年来，所有主要人群的运动参与率都增加了一倍以上，与此同时，患有既定心脏病的儿童和成人也希望参与运动和锻炼。尽管运动对幸福感和存活率有有利的长期影响，但在短期内它可能会带来不良事件的风险。运动对心血管（CV）的复杂个体需求和适应性给被要求评估运动员的心脏病专家带来了独特的挑战。在这里，我们描述了运动和锻炼心脏病学作为 CV 专业的连续体中的一个独特学科的发展，为运动员和锻炼者的 CV 护理提供了理由，定义了 CV 专家在运动员护理团队中的作用，并为美国运动和锻炼心脏病学的发展奠定了基础。2011 年，美国心脏病学会成立了运动与锻炼心脏病学分会。在短短 2 年内，会员人数从 150 人增加到了 4000 多人，这表明 CV 界对将运动和锻炼心脏病学融入主流 CV 护理的兴趣显著增加。尽管目前的运动员 CV 护理模式有明显的局限性，但在这里，我们为美国运动员和锻炼者概述了一种新的护理模式。通过实践和推广这种新模式，我们相信我们将增强所有年龄段运动员的 CV 护理，并通过允许所有寻求这种生活方式的人最安全地参与运动和体育活动，为整个运动员社区和我们的国家服务。
