Valente Ana M, Fonseca Carlos, Marques Tiago A, Santos João P, Rodrigues Rogério, Torres Rita Tinoco
CESAM, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
CESAM, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal ; Universidade Lúrio, Campus de Marrere, Nampula, Mozambique.
PLoS One. 2014 Feb 12;9(2):e88459. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088459. eCollection 2014.
Over the last decades roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) populations have increased in number and distribution throughout Europe. Such increases have profound impacts on ecosystems, both positive and negative. Therefore monitoring roe deer populations is essential for the appropriate management of this species, in order to achieve a balance between conservation and mitigation of the negative impacts. Despite being required for an effective management plan, the study of roe deer ecology in Portugal is at an early stage, and hence there is still a complete lack of knowledge of roe deer density within its known range. Distance sampling of pellet groups coupled with production and decay rates for pellet groups provided density estimates for roe deer in northeastern Portugal (Lombada National Hunting Area--LNHA, Serra de Montesinho--SM and Serra da Nogueira--SN; LNHA and SM located in Montesinho Natural Park). The estimated roe deer density using a stratified detection function was 1.23/100 ha for LNHA, 4.87/100 ha for SM and 4.25/100 ha in SN, with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of 0.68 to 2.21, 3.08 to 7.71 and 2.25 to 8.03, respectively. For the entire area, the estimated density was about 3.51/100 ha (95% CI - 2.26-5.45). This method can provide estimates of roe deer density, which will ultimately support management decisions. However, effective monitoring should be based on long-term studies that are able to detect population fluctuations. This study represents the initial phase of roe deer monitoring at the edge of its European range and intends to fill the gap in this species ecology, as the gathering of similar data over a number of years will provide the basis for stronger inferences. Monitoring should be continued, although the study area should be increased to evaluate the accuracy of estimates and assess the impact of management actions.
在过去几十年里，狍（Capreolus capreolus）的种群数量在整个欧洲范围内都有所增加，分布范围也不断扩大。这种增长对生态系统产生了深远影响，既有积极的一面，也有消极的一面。因此，监测狍的种群数量对于该物种的合理管理至关重要，以便在保护和减轻负面影响之间实现平衡。尽管有效的管理计划需要相关研究，但葡萄牙对狍生态的研究尚处于早期阶段，因此对其已知范围内的狍密度仍然完全缺乏了解。通过对粪粒群进行距离抽样，并结合粪粒群的产生和腐烂速率，估算了葡萄牙东北部（隆巴达国家狩猎区——LNHA、蒙特西尼奥山脉——SM和诺盖拉山脉——SN；LNHA和SM位于蒙特西尼奥自然公园）的狍密度。使用分层检测函数估算的狍密度，LNHA为1.23/100公顷，SM为4.87/100公顷，SN为4.25/100公顷，95%置信区间（CI）分别为0.68至2.21、3.08至7.71和2.25至8.03。对于整个区域，估算密度约为3.51/100公顷（95%CI - 2.26 - 5.45）。该方法可以提供狍密度的估算值，这最终将为管理决策提供支持。然而，有效的监测应基于能够检测种群波动的长期研究。本研究代表了在狍欧洲分布边缘进行监测的初始阶段，旨在填补该物种生态方面的空白，因为多年来收集类似数据将为更有力的推断提供基础。应继续进行监测，尽管研究区域应扩大，以评估估算的准确性并评估管理行动的影响。
