Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60-820, Poland.
Urology Research Center, Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
Int J Mol Med. 2014 Apr;33(4):763-8. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1653. Epub 2014 Feb 10.
The plasminogen activation system (PAS) plays an essential role in tissue proteolysis in physiological and pathological processes. Periodontitis is a chronic infection associated with increased proteolysis driven by plasminogen activation. In this comprehensive review, we summarise the effects of PAS in wound healing, tissue remodelling, inflammation, bacterial infection, and in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. Specifically, we discuss the role of plasminogen activators (PAs), including urokinase PA (uPA), tissue-type PA (tPA), PA inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and 2 (PAI-2) and activated plasminogen in periodontal tissue, where their concentrations can reach much higher values than those found in other parts of the body. We also discuss whether PA deficiencies can have effects on periodontal tissue. We conclude that in periodontal disease, PAS is unbalanced and equalizing its function can improve the clinical periodontal tissue condition.
纤溶酶原激活系统（PAS）在生理和病理过程中的组织蛋白水解中起着至关重要的作用。牙周炎是一种慢性感染性疾病，与纤溶酶原激活引起的蛋白水解增加有关。在这篇全面的综述中，我们总结了 PAS 在伤口愈合、组织重塑、炎症、细菌感染以及牙周病的发生和发展中的作用。具体来说，我们讨论了纤溶酶原激活剂（PAs）的作用，包括尿激酶型 PA（uPA）、组织型 PA（tPA）、PA 抑制剂 1 型（PAI-1）和 2 型（PAI-2）以及激活的纤溶酶原在牙周组织中的作用，其浓度可以达到比身体其他部位高得多的值。我们还讨论了 PA 缺乏是否会对牙周组织产生影响。我们的结论是，在牙周病中，PAS 是失衡的，平衡其功能可以改善临床牙周组织状况。
