Stenfeldt C, Pacheco J M, Rodriguez L L, Arzt J
Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA.
Res Vet Sci. 2014 Apr;96(2):396-405. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.01.009. Epub 2014 Feb 1.
In order to characterize foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection dynamics in pigs, two simulated-natural inoculation systems were developed and evaluated. Intra-oropharyngeal (IOP) and intra-nasopharyngeal (INP) inoculation both enabled precise control of dose and timing of inoculation while simulating field exposure conditions. There were substantial differences between outcomes of infections by the two routes. IOP inoculation resulted in consistent and synchronous infection, whereas INP inoculation at similar doses resulted in delayed, or completely absent infection. All pigs that developed clinical infection had detectable levels of FMDV RNA in their oropharynx directly following inoculation. Furthermore, FMDV antigens were localized to the oropharyngeal tonsils suggesting a role in early infection. The utility of IOP inoculation was further demonstrated in a vaccine-challenge experiment. Thus, the novel system of IOP inoculation described herein, offers a valid alternative to traditionally used systems for FMDV inoculation of pigs, applicable for experimental studies of FMDV pathogenesis and vaccinology.
为了描述猪口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）的感染动态，开发并评估了两种模拟自然接种系统。经口咽（IOP）和经鼻咽（INP）接种均能在模拟田间暴露条件的同时精确控制接种剂量和时间。两种途径感染的结果存在显著差异。IOP接种导致一致且同步的感染，而相似剂量的INP接种则导致感染延迟或完全不发生。所有出现临床感染的猪在接种后其口咽中均有可检测水平的FMDV RNA。此外，FMDV抗原定位于口咽扁桃体，表明其在早期感染中起作用。在疫苗攻毒实验中进一步证明了IOP接种的实用性。因此，本文所述的新型IOP接种系统为传统用于猪FMDV接种的系统提供了一种有效的替代方法，适用于FMDV发病机制和疫苗学的实验研究。
