CNR-IFC, Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension of Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Department of Geriatric and Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center of Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Ageing Res Rev. 2014 Mar;14:65-80. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.02.003. Epub 2014 Feb 15.
As for the whole human body, the kidney undergoes age-related changes which translate in an inexorable and progressive decline in renal function. Renal aging is a multifactorial process where gender, race and genetic background and several key-mediators such as chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) system, impairment in kidney repair capacities and background cardiovascular disease play a significant role. Features of the aging kidney include macroscopic and microscopic changes and important functional adaptations, none of which is pathognomonic of aging. The assessment of renal function in the framework of aging is problematic and the question whether renal aging should be considered as a physiological or pathological process remains a much debated issue. Although promising dietary and pharmacological approaches have been tested to retard aging processes or renal function decline in the elderly, proper lifestyle modifications, as those applicable to the general population, currently represent the most plausible approach to maintain kidney health.
就整个人体而言，肾脏会发生与年龄相关的变化，导致肾功能不可避免地逐渐下降。肾脏衰老（Renal Aging）是一个多因素的过程，其中性别、种族和遗传背景以及一些关键介质，如慢性炎症、氧化应激、肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮（RAAS）系统、肾脏修复能力受损和潜在的心血管疾病，都起着重要作用。衰老肾脏的特征包括宏观和微观变化以及重要的功能适应，这些都不是衰老的特有表现。在衰老的背景下评估肾功能存在问题，而且肾脏衰老是否应被视为生理或病理过程仍然是一个备受争议的问题。虽然已经测试了一些有前景的饮食和药物方法来延缓老年人的衰老过程或肾功能下降，但适当的生活方式改变，就像适用于一般人群的方法一样，目前是保持肾脏健康的最合理方法。
