Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium; Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Jun;22(6):1505-11. doi: 10.1002/oby.20723. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
This longitudinal study investigated the interrelationship between children's weight status and level of gross motor coordination over time, taking baseline physical activity (PA) into account as a possible mediator.
Baseline measurements were collected in 2517 children (5-13 years, 52.8% boys), including (1) body height and weight to calculate body mass index (BMI) z-scores, (2) gross motor coordination using the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK), (3) total PA estimated by a questionnaire. At follow-up, 754 participants (7-13 years, 50.8% boys) underwent anthropometric and KTK assessments again. Two hypothesized partial mediation models (i.e., KTK ↔ PA ↔ BMI z-score) were examined by multiple linear mixed models.
A lower performance on the KTK at baseline significantly predicted an increase in BMI z-score (B = -0.003, P = 0.027). Conversely, a higher baseline BMI z-score also predicted a decrease in KTK performance (B = -1.792, P < 0.001). Since total PA at baseline was not significantly related to initial KTK performance (B = 1.628, P = 0.134) nor BMI z-score (B = 25.312, P = 0.130), its mediating effect was not further explored.
Our results strongly suggest that children's weight status negatively influences future level of gross motor coordination, and vice versa. Prevention and intervention initiatives should consider this reciprocal causal relationship across developmental time.
本纵向研究考察了儿童体重状况与粗大运动协调水平随时间的相互关系，同时考虑了基线体力活动（PA）作为可能的中介因素。
在 2517 名儿童（5-13 岁，52.8%为男孩）中进行了基线测量，包括：（1）身高和体重以计算体重指数（BMI）z 分数，（2）使用 Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder（KTK）评估粗大运动协调，（3）通过问卷估计总 PA。在随访中，754 名参与者（7-13 岁，50.8%为男孩）再次接受了人体测量和 KTK 评估。通过多线性混合模型检验了两个假设的部分中介模型（即 KTK→PA→BMI z 分数）。
基线 KTK 表现较低显著预测 BMI z 分数增加（B=-0.003，P=0.027）。相反，较高的基线 BMI z 分数也预测 KTK 表现下降（B=-1.792，P<0.001）。由于基线总 PA 与初始 KTK 表现（B=1.628，P=0.134）和 BMI z 分数（B=25.312，P=0.130）无显著相关性，因此未进一步探讨其中介作用。
我们的研究结果强烈表明，儿童的体重状况会对未来的粗大运动协调水平产生负面影响，反之亦然。预防和干预措施应考虑到这一跨发展时间的相互因果关系。
