Bågedahl-Strindlund M
Department of Psychiatry, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
Scand J Soc Med. 1988;16(2):121-7. doi: 10.1177/140349488801600211.
A two-year cohort of children of parapartum mentally ill mothers born in Stockholm during the mid-70s was studied with regard to mental development, somatic growth and social outcome. The observation period covered the pre-school-age period and the study was based on Well-Baby-Clinic (WBC) data. The findings were compared with those of matched controls. Nearly 40% of the children of the mentally ill mothers, compared to 3% of the controls, did not live with their biological mothers during the pre-school ages. No difference was found in somatic growth between the index and control children. However, more index children--especially those of addicts and neurotic or temporarily insufficient mothers--than controls suffered from developmental (p less than 0.05) and behavioural (p less than 0.001) disturbances. Fifteen per cent of the index children compared to 5% of the controls were judged by the staff of the WBC to be in need of treatment for psychological problems (p less than 0.01). The results of the present study emphasize the fact that children of mentally ill mothers constitute a high-risk group regarding mental and behavioural development. The study supports earlier research reports claiming that, while parental mental illness constitutes an important indicator of psychiatric risk for the children, the main risk stems from associated psychosocial disturbances in the family.
对70年代中期出生在斯德哥尔摩的患有产后精神疾病母亲的子女进行了一项为期两年的队列研究，内容涉及心理发育、身体生长和社会结局。观察期涵盖学龄前阶段，该研究基于健康婴儿诊所（WBC）的数据。将研究结果与匹配的对照组进行比较。在学龄前阶段，近40%患有精神疾病母亲的子女没有与亲生母亲生活在一起，而对照组这一比例为3%。研究组儿童与对照组儿童在身体生长方面未发现差异。然而，与对照组相比，更多的研究组儿童——尤其是成瘾母亲、神经症母亲或暂时功能不足母亲的子女——存在发育障碍（p<0.05）和行为障碍（p<0.001）。健康婴儿诊所的工作人员判定，15%的研究组儿童需要针对心理问题进行治疗，而对照组这一比例为5%（p<0.01）。本研究结果强调了这样一个事实，即患有精神疾病母亲的子女在心理和行为发育方面构成一个高危群体。该研究支持了早期的研究报告，这些报告称，虽然父母的精神疾病是儿童患精神疾病风险的一个重要指标，但主要风险源于家庭中相关的社会心理干扰。
