Øye Christian R, Holen Ketil J, Foss Olav A
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway.
Acta Radiol. 2015 Feb;56(2):234-43. doi: 10.1177/0284185114524391. Epub 2014 Feb 19.
The anatomy of the femoral trochlea is of vital importance to the stability of the patellofemoral joint. Knowing the characteristics of the femoral trochlea in newborns might prove useful when considering the predisposing factors to patellar instability.
To define the normal anatomy and the natural variances of the femoral trochlea in a newborn population as well as evaluation of ultrasonography as a method of imaging.
The femoral trochlea of both knees of 174 newborns (82 girls and 92 boys) was examined using ultrasonography within 3 days after birth. For evaluation of the repeatability of the method, a separate population of 40 newborns was examined by two examiners.
The sulcus angle (SA) and Trochlear Index (TI) proved to be the most reliable and reproducible parameters. The overall mean SA was 148° (SD 5.6). An angle of more than 159° was defined as dysplastic, and 17 of the knees were categorized in this group. The overall mean TI was 2.21 (SD 0.05). A value of less than 2.11 was defined as dysplastic and 11 of the newborns fell into this category.
As a method of visualizing the newborn femoral trochlea and the position of the patella, ultrasonography is a reliable tool and might be of vital importance. In a further perspective, knowledge of the anatomy of a normal versus a dysplastic newborn trochlea renders it possible to study the predisposing factors to patellar instability and methods of treatment. Our results indicate that dysplasia of the femoral trochlea may be congenital.
股骨滑车的解剖结构对髌股关节的稳定性至关重要。了解新生儿股骨滑车的特征在考虑髌骨不稳定的诱发因素时可能会有所帮助。
明确新生儿群体中股骨滑车的正常解剖结构和自然变异情况，并评估超声检查作为一种成像方法的效果。
对174例新生儿（82例女孩和92例男孩）出生后3天内的双膝关节进行超声检查。为评估该方法的可重复性，由两名检查者对另外40例新生儿进行检查。
沟角（SA）和滑车指数（TI）被证明是最可靠且可重复的参数。总体平均SA为148°（标准差5.6）。超过159°的角度被定义为发育不良，17个膝关节属于该组。总体平均TI为2.21（标准差0.05）。小于2.11的值被定义为发育不良，11例新生儿属于此类别。
作为一种可视化新生儿股骨滑车和髌骨位置的方法，超声检查是一种可靠的工具，可能至关重要。从进一步的角度来看，了解正常与发育不良的新生儿滑车的解剖结构使得研究髌骨不稳定的诱发因素和治疗方法成为可能。我们的结果表明股骨滑车发育不良可能是先天性的。
