在街头需多加小心:多米尼加共和国女性性工作者稳定男性伴侣中避孕套使用的规范影响。
Debe cuidarse en la calle: normative influences on condom use among the steady male partners of female sex workers in the Dominican Republic.
作者信息
Barrington Clare, Kerrigan Deanna
机构信息
a Department of Health Behavior , Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , USA.
出版信息
Cult Health Sex. 2014 Feb 21. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2013.875222.
Encouragement to use condoms reflects the injunctive norm, or idea that you should use condoms. In our previous research with the regular male partners of female sex workers, in the Dominican Republic, we found that encouragement to use condoms with female sex workers from individuals in their personal social networks was not directly associated with condom use. In the current study, we used qualitative interviews to further explore the influence of social network norms on men's sexual-risk behaviours. We interviewed 11 steady male partners of female sex workers, with participants completing two interviews to achieve greater depth. We analysed data using analytic summaries and systematic thematic coding. All men perceived that the prevailing injunctive norm was that they should use condoms with sex workers. Men received encouragement to use condoms but did not articulate a link between this encouragement and condom use. Additionally, men who did not use condoms lied to their friends to avoid social sanction. Findings highlight that the influence of a pro-condom injunctive norm is not always health promoting and can even be negative. HIV-prevention efforts seeking to promote condom use should address the alignment between injunctive and descriptive norms to strengthen their collective influence on behaviour.
鼓励使用避孕套反映了指令性规范,即你应该使用避孕套这一观念。在我们之前于多米尼加共和国针对女性性工作者的固定男性伴侣开展的研究中,我们发现,个人社交网络中的人鼓励他们与女性性工作者使用避孕套,这与避孕套的实际使用并无直接关联。在当前的研究中,我们采用定性访谈的方式进一步探究社交网络规范对男性性风险行为的影响。我们采访了11名女性性工作者的固定男性伴侣,让参与者完成两次访谈以获得更深入的信息。我们运用分析性总结和系统性主题编码对数据进行分析。所有男性都认为普遍的指令性规范是他们应该与性工作者使用避孕套。男性得到了使用避孕套的鼓励,但并未明确指出这种鼓励与避孕套使用之间的联系。此外,不使用避孕套的男性会对朋友说谎以避免受到社会制裁。研究结果表明,支持使用避孕套的指令性规范的影响并不总是对健康有益,甚至可能是负面的。旨在促进避孕套使用的艾滋病预防工作应解决指令性规范与描述性规范之间的一致性问题,以增强它们对行为的集体影响力。