Baker S A, Morrison D M, Carter W B, Verdon M S
School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle 98105-6299, USA.
Health Educ Q. 1996 Nov;23(4):528-42. doi: 10.1177/109019819602300411.
The theory of reasoned action (TRA) provides useful information when designing health education interventions. In this study, 703 heterosexual STD clinic clients responded to a TRA-based survey. With steady partners, social norms and attitudes toward condom use were significant predictors of intention for both men and women. The interaction of attitude and norm increased prediction for men (R = .64, p < 0.001) and women (R = .70, p < 0.001). With casual partners, attitude was a predictor for men and social norm was a predictor for women. Prior use of condoms increased prediction for men (R = .38, p < 0.001) and women (R = .47, p < 0.001). Findings suggest that, in addition to traditional TRA model variables, the relationship between sexual partners and the individual's prior experience with condom use should be incorporated into attempts to understand this complex, dyadic behavior. Examining specific outcome and normative beliefs also provides important information for intervention design.
合理行动理论（TRA）在设计健康教育干预措施时提供了有用的信息。在本研究中，703名异性恋性传播疾病诊所的患者对一项基于TRA的调查做出了回应。对于有固定性伴侣的情况，社会规范和对使用安全套的态度是男性和女性使用安全套意愿的重要预测因素。态度和规范的交互作用提高了对男性（R = 0.64，p < 0.001）和女性（R = 0.70，p < 0.001）使用安全套意愿的预测能力。对于有临时性伴侣的情况，态度是男性使用安全套意愿的预测因素，而社会规范是女性使用安全套意愿的预测因素。既往使用安全套的经历提高了对男性（R = 0.38，p < 0.001）和女性（R = 0.47，p < 0.001）使用安全套意愿的预测能力。研究结果表明，除了传统的TRA模型变量外，性伴侣之间的关系以及个人既往使用安全套的经历应纳入到对这种复杂的二元行为的理解中。研究特定的结果和规范性信念也为干预设计提供了重要信息。
