Bergmann L, Bälz A
Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland.
Planta. 1966 Sep;70(3):285-303. doi: 10.1007/BF00396493.
The growth of green cultures of callus tissue from Nicotiana tabacum var. "Samsun" is stimulated by light. To determine whether the increase in growth is caused by photosynthesis or by a blue light dependent increase of protein synthesis, a comparative study was made of the effect which blue and red light have on the growth and the composition of tobacco tissue. It is shown that the growth stimulation by light depends on the chlorophyll content of the tissues. Starting with chlorophyll-free tissue the cultures begin to grow faster in blue light only after they become visibly green. On the other hand, the growth of green tissue in red light decreases as soon as the chlorophyll content under this condition becomes less. There are no differences in the rate of growth of green tissues cultivated in blue and in red light of approximately the same flow of quanta; in both cases the cultures grow better than the controls in the dark. Furthermore there are no differences between the protein and carbohydrate content of tissues grown in blue or red light and in the dark. There is, however, a small but significant difference between the total nitrogen of green tissue and that of chlorophyll-free tissue which is due to a higher amount of soluble nitrogen in the green tissue. From these results it is concluded that the light dependent growth stimulation is caused by photosynthesis. As shown by a light dependent (14)CO2 incorporation in which sucrose is the main product, the green cells are able to fix CO2 photosynthetically. However, the rate of photosynthesis in the tissue cultures is small and does not balance the respiration. It seems very unlikely, therefore, that the formation of carbohydrates by photosynthesis is responsible for the observed growth increase.
烟草品种“萨姆松”愈伤组织绿色培养物的生长受光照刺激。为了确定生长增加是由光合作用还是蓝光依赖的蛋白质合成增加引起的，对蓝光和红光对烟草组织生长及组成的影响进行了比较研究。结果表明，光照对生长的刺激取决于组织的叶绿素含量。从无叶绿素的组织开始，培养物只有在明显变绿后才开始在蓝光下生长得更快。另一方面，当叶绿素含量在这种条件下减少时，绿色组织在红光下的生长会立即下降。在蓝光和红光下培养的绿色组织，在量子通量大致相同的情况下，生长速率没有差异；在这两种情况下，培养物在黑暗中都比对照生长得更好。此外，在蓝光或红光下以及黑暗中生长的组织的蛋白质和碳水化合物含量没有差异。然而，绿色组织和无叶绿素组织的总氮量存在微小但显著的差异，这是由于绿色组织中可溶性氮含量较高。从这些结果可以得出结论，光照依赖的生长刺激是由光合作用引起的。如依赖光照的（14）CO2固定所示，其中蔗糖是主要产物，绿色细胞能够通过光合作用固定CO2。然而，组织培养物中的光合速率很小，无法平衡呼吸作用。因此，光合作用形成碳水化合物似乎不太可能是观察到的生长增加的原因。
