Department of PM&R, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2014 Mar;98(2):205-11. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2013.10.002. Epub 2014 Jan 10.
Evaluation of gait and its associated deviations from normal requires an in-depth evaluation of the patient and an appreciation for the complexity of the task. Understanding gait starts with an appreciation of the basic determinants of gait. Foot drop is a common gait deviation. Functionally, a foot drop results in a long limb. This will result in alterations of the gait cycle during swing phase. The common compensations for a foot drop include steppage gait, circumduction, and a persistently abducted limb. Noninterventional options for management of common gait deviations secondary to ankle/foot dysfunction present challenges.
评估步态及其相关的异常需要对患者进行深入评估，并充分认识到这一任务的复杂性。理解步态首先要了解步态的基本决定因素。足下垂是一种常见的步态异常。从功能上讲，足下垂会导致肢体变长。这将导致摆动相期间步态周期的改变。足下垂的常见代偿方式包括跨步步态、回旋步态和持续外展的肢体。对于由于踝关节/足部功能障碍引起的常见步态异常，非介入性治疗选择存在挑战。
