Successful endovascular treatment of ruptured bronchial artery aneurysm.

Rupture of a bronchial artery aneurysm occurs rarely and may mimic aortic dissection. A 78-year-old-man was admitted with sudden chest pain. Chest radiography showed widening of the mediastinum, suggestive of aortic dissection, but contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed hemomediastinum and bronchial artery aneurysm. Although open surgery has been the first choice for ruptured bronchial artery aneurysm, this case was successfully treated by an endovascular procedure with the combined use of coils and a gelatin sponge.