Berridge Michael J
The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK,
Cell Tissue Res. 2014 Aug;357(2):477-92. doi: 10.1007/s00441-014-1806-z. Epub 2014 Feb 28.
Neurons have highly developed Ca(2+) signalling systems responsible for regulating many neural functions such as the generation of brain rhythms, information processing and the changes in synaptic plasticity that underpins learning and memory. The signalling mechanisms that regulate neuronal excitability are particularly important for processes such as sensory perception, cognition and consciousness. The Ca(2+) signalling pathway is a key component of the mechanisms responsible for regulating neuronal excitability, information processing and cognition. Alterations in gene transcription are particularly important as they result in subtle alterations in the neuronal signalling mechanisms that have been implicated in many neural diseases. In particular, dysregulation of the Ca(2+) signalling pathway has been implicated in the development of some of the major psychiatric diseases such as bipolar disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia.
神经元具有高度发达的钙信号系统，负责调节许多神经功能，如脑节律的产生、信息处理以及作为学习和记忆基础的突触可塑性变化。调节神经元兴奋性的信号机制对于诸如感觉感知、认知和意识等过程尤为重要。钙信号通路是负责调节神经元兴奋性、信息处理和认知的机制的关键组成部分。基因转录的改变尤为重要，因为它们会导致神经元信号机制的细微变化，而这些变化与许多神经疾病有关。特别是，钙信号通路的失调与一些主要精神疾病如双相情感障碍（BPD）和精神分裂症的发生有关。
