Rotimi-Samuel A, Akinsola F B, Aribaba O T, Onakoya A O
Dept. Of Ophthalmology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos.
Nig Q J Hosp Med. 2013 Apr-Jun;23(2):90-3.
Diabetic retinopathy is an important complication of diabetes mellitus, which may lead to blindness.
The study is to analyze posterior segment lesions in Diabetes Mellitus patients seen in Guinness Eye Centre, Lagos University Teaching Hospital in relation to the number, duration and severity.
All the case files of Diabetes Mellitus patients seen during the period of study were retrieved and data extracted from them were analyzed. Such information included age, sex, duration of Diabetic Retinopathy and its severity.
A total of 84 case files were reviewed. There were 47 males and 37 females with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. No diabetic patient was seen in the age group 30 years and below. Fifty-five (65%) patients who presented themselves did so very late. Of the 35 patients found to have diabetic retinopathy at presentation, 16 had the disease bilaterally. The most common form of Diabetic Retinopathy was clinically significant macula oedema. The study shows that a high proportion of the patients (41.6%) had Diabetic Retinopathy.
Patients with DM should be referred early for eye examinations. Physicians Residents should be made to rotate through eye Departments for a period of at least 2 weeks so they can learn fundoscopy. Diabetic patients should be educated on the eye complications that may arise from their condition. Regular eye screening with fundus camera and laser therapy should be part of the routine management of Diabetics in Nigeria as is done in advanced countries.
糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病的一种重要并发症，可能导致失明。
本研究旨在分析拉各斯大学教学医院吉尼斯眼科中心糖尿病患者的眼后段病变与患病数量、病程及严重程度之间的关系。
检索研究期间所有糖尿病患者的病例档案，并对从中提取的数据进行分析。这些信息包括年龄、性别、糖尿病视网膜病变的病程及其严重程度。
共查阅了84份病例档案。其中男性47例，女性37例，男女比例为1.3:1。30岁及以下年龄组未见糖尿病患者。55名（65%）前来就诊的患者就诊时间很晚。在就诊时被发现患有糖尿病视网膜病变的35例患者中，16例为双侧患病。糖尿病视网膜病变最常见的形式是具有临床意义的黄斑水肿。该研究表明，很大一部分患者（41.6%）患有糖尿病视网膜病变。
糖尿病患者应尽早转诊进行眼科检查。内科住院医师应轮转到眼科至少2周，以便学习眼底镜检查。应告知糖尿病患者其病情可能引发的眼部并发症。与发达国家一样，使用眼底照相机进行定期眼部筛查和激光治疗应成为尼日利亚糖尿病患者常规治疗的一部分。
