Nishigaki T
Department of Pathology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan.
Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol. 1988;55(5):311-22. doi: 10.1007/BF02896590.
Degranulation of IgE-sensitized rat mast cells by antigen was studied quantitatively in vitro and in vivo by electron microscopy. The inhibition of this degranulation by an anti-allergic drug, N-(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl)anthranilic acid (Tranilast), was also examined both in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro study using peritoneal mast cells, alteration of the granules, cavity formation by fusion of the perigranular membrane and granule discharge due to fusion of the cavity membrane with the cell membrane were observed and were accompanied by histamine release. Scanning electron microscopy disclosed the extrusion of smooth, round bodies from pores formed on the cell surface. In the in vivo study of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), the characteristic features of mast cell degranulation were obvious 5 min after the injection of antigen; leakage of dye increased progressively from 5 to 30 min but was not found at 6 h. From quantitative analysis of the substructure of mast cells, it was demonstrated that degranulation of IgE-sensitized mast cell induced by antigen was achieved by sequential exocytosis both in vitro and in vivo. Tranilast inhibited these changes to a remarkable extent and it was concluded that the inhibition of mast cell degranulation by this drug might play an important role in anti-allergic treatment.
通过电子显微镜在体外和体内定量研究了抗原诱导的IgE致敏大鼠肥大细胞的脱颗粒作用。还在体外和体内研究了抗过敏药物N-(3,4-二甲氧基肉桂酰)邻氨基苯甲酸（曲尼司特）对这种脱颗粒作用的抑制作用。在使用腹膜肥大细胞的体外研究中，观察到颗粒的变化、颗粒周围膜融合形成腔以及由于腔膜与细胞膜融合导致的颗粒释放，并且伴随着组胺释放。扫描电子显微镜显示从细胞表面形成的孔中挤出光滑的圆形物体。在被动皮肤过敏反应（PCA）的体内研究中，注射抗原后5分钟肥大细胞脱颗粒的特征明显；染料渗漏从5分钟到30分钟逐渐增加，但6小时时未发现。通过对肥大细胞亚结构的定量分析表明，抗原诱导的IgE致敏肥大细胞脱颗粒在体外和体内均通过连续的胞吐作用实现。曲尼司特在很大程度上抑制了这些变化，得出结论该药物对肥大细胞脱颗粒的抑制作用可能在抗过敏治疗中起重要作用。
