Departament de Producció Vegetal i Ciència Forestal, Universitat de Lleida, Agrotecnio Center, 25198 Lleida, Spain; email:
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2014;65:187-223. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-050213-035825. Epub 2014 Feb 26.
Metabolic engineering can be used to modulate endogenous metabolic pathways in plants or introduce new metabolic capabilities in order to increase the production of a desirable compound or reduce the accumulation of an undesirable one. In practice, there are several major challenges that need to be overcome, such as gaining enough knowledge about the endogenous pathways to understand the best intervention points, identifying and sourcing the most suitable metabolic genes, expressing those genes in such a way as to produce a functional enzyme in a heterologous background, and, finally, achieving the accumulation of target compounds without harming the host plant. This article discusses the strategies that have been developed to engineer complex metabolic pathways in plants, focusing on recent technological developments that allow the most significant bottlenecks to be overcome.
代谢工程可用于调节植物内源性代谢途径或引入新的代谢能力，以增加所需化合物的产量或减少不需要化合物的积累。在实践中，需要克服几个主要挑战，例如获得足够的内源性途径知识以了解最佳干预点，鉴定和获取最合适的代谢基因，以使其在异源背景中产生功能性酶的方式表达这些基因，最后，在不损害宿主植物的情况下实现目标化合物的积累。本文讨论了在植物中工程化复杂代谢途径的策略，重点介绍了最近的技术发展，这些发展克服了最显著的瓶颈。
