Department of Bioengineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China.
Key Laboratory of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China.
Molecules. 2024 May 2;29(9):2106. doi: 10.3390/molecules29092106.
Diverse secondary metabolites in plants, with their rich biological activities, have long been important sources for human medicine, food additives, pesticides, etc. However, the large-scale cultivation of host plants consumes land resources and is susceptible to pest and disease problems. Additionally, the multi-step and demanding nature of chemical synthesis adds to production costs, limiting their widespread application. In vitro cultivation and the metabolic engineering of plants have significantly enhanced the synthesis of secondary metabolites with successful industrial production cases. As synthetic biology advances, more research is focusing on heterologous synthesis using microorganisms. This review provides a comprehensive comparison between these two chassis, evaluating their performance in the synthesis of various types of secondary metabolites from the perspectives of yield and strategies. It also discusses the challenges they face and offers insights into future efforts and directions.
植物中的多种次生代谢物具有丰富的生物活性，长期以来一直是人类医学、食品添加剂、农药等的重要来源。然而，宿主植物的大规模种植会消耗土地资源，并且容易受到病虫害的影响。此外，化学合成的多步骤和高要求性质也增加了生产成本，限制了它们的广泛应用。植物的体外培养和代谢工程显著提高了次生代谢物的合成，已有成功的工业化生产案例。随着合成生物学的发展，越来越多的研究集中在利用微生物进行异源合成上。本综述对这两种底盘进行了全面比较，从产量和策略的角度评估了它们在合成各种类型次生代谢物方面的性能。还讨论了它们面临的挑战，并对未来的努力和方向提出了见解。
