Peiffer Michelle, Felton Gary W
Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2014 Feb 26;9(2):e88483. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088483. eCollection 2014.
We examined the salivary gland structure of the brown marmorated stink bug (Pentatomidae: Halyomorpha halys) and developed methods for independent collection of watery saliva and sheath saliva. This stink bug has become a serious invasive pest of agriculture in the United States and its saliva is largely responsible for the damage it causes. We determined by protein gel analysis and shotgun proteomics that the suite of proteins comprising the sheath and watery saliva are very distinct. Our results indicate that a substantial amount of sheath proteins are derived from tomato when stink bugs feed on tomato fruit. Consequently, the sheath saliva is comprised of both insect and plant-derived proteins. Both sheath and watery saliva possessed amylase activities, but polyphenol oxidase and glucose oxidase activities were not detected in either saliva. Peroxidase activity was only detected in salivary sheaths, but only when stink bugs fed on tomato. Proteomic analysis indicated that the peroxidase was likely of plant origin. We also determined that sheath saliva, but not watery saliva elicited the jasmonate inducible defense gene proteinase inhibitor 2 (Pin2), but this induction was only observed when sheaths had been collected from tomato. This indicates that the eliciting factor of the saliva is likely of plant origin. Lastly, neither watery or sheath saliva affected the expression of the salicylate inducible gene pathogenesis related gene (Pr1a-P4).
我们研究了褐边绿刺蛾（半翅目：绿刺蛾属）的唾液腺结构，并开发了独立收集水样唾液和鞘唾液的方法。这种刺蛾已成为美国农业的一种严重入侵害虫，其唾液在很大程度上导致了它所造成的损害。我们通过蛋白质凝胶分析和鸟枪法蛋白质组学确定，构成鞘唾液和水样唾液的蛋白质组非常不同。我们的结果表明，当刺蛾取食番茄果实后，大量的鞘蛋白来自番茄。因此，鞘唾液由昆虫和植物来源的蛋白质组成。鞘唾液和水样唾液都具有淀粉酶活性，但在两种唾液中均未检测到多酚氧化酶和葡萄糖氧化酶活性。过氧化物酶活性仅在唾液鞘中检测到，但仅在刺蛾取食番茄时检测到。蛋白质组学分析表明，该过氧化物酶可能来源于植物。我们还确定，鞘唾液而非水样唾液能诱导茉莉酸诱导的防御基因蛋白酶抑制剂2（Pin2），但这种诱导仅在从番茄中收集到鞘唾液时才观察到。这表明唾液的诱导因子可能来源于植物。最后，水样唾液和鞘唾液均未影响水杨酸诱导基因病程相关基因（Pr1a-P4）的表达。
