Research Institute for Aquaculture No.2, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia.
PLoS One. 2014 Feb 26;9(2):e90142. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090142. eCollection 2014.
Giant freshwater prawn (GFP) Macrobrachium rosenbergii is unique with males categorized in five different morphotypes (small claw, orange claw, blue claw, old blue claw and no claw males) and females in three reproductive statuses (mature ovary, berried and spawned females). In the present study we examined genetic inheritance of female and male morphotypes, their body weights and genetic associations between morphotypes and body traits. Restricted maximum likelihood fitting a multi-trait animal model was performed on a total of 21,459 body records collected over five generations in a GFP population selected for high growth rate. The estimates of variance components showed that there were substantial differences in additive genetic variance in body weight between male morphotypes. The low and significantly different from one genetic correlations between the expressions of body weight in male morphotypes also suggest that these traits should be treated as genetically different traits in selective breeding programs. By contrast, body weights of female types are essentially the same characters as indicated by the high genetic correlations between homologous trait expressions. In addition to body weight, male morphotypes and female reproductive statuses were treated as traits in themselves and were analysed as binary observations using animal and sire linear mixed models, and logit and probit threshold models. The estimates of heritability back-transformed from the liability scale were in good agreement with those obtained from linear mixed models, ranging from 0.02 to 0.43 for male morphotypes and 0.06 to 0.10 for female types. The genetic correlations among male morphoptypes were generally favourable. Body weight showed negative genetic associations with SM (-0.96), whereas those of body weight with other male morphotypes were positive (0.25 to 0.76). Our results showed that there is existence of heritable (additive genetic) component for male morphotypes, giving prospects for genetic selection to change population structure of GFP.
巨型淡水虾 (GFP) Macrobrachium rosenbergii 是独一无二的，雄性分为五种不同的形态类型（小爪、橙爪、蓝爪、老蓝爪和无爪雄性），雌性分为三种生殖状态（成熟卵巢、抱卵和产卵雌性）。在本研究中，我们检查了雌性和雄性形态类型、它们的体重以及形态类型和身体特征之间的遗传关联的遗传遗传。在 GFP 种群中，对经过 5 代选择高生长率的 21459 个体重记录进行了限制最大似然拟合多性状动物模型分析。方差分量的估计表明，雄性形态类型之间的体重加性遗传方差存在显著差异。雄性形态类型之间体重表达的遗传相关性也很低且显著不同，这表明这些性状在选择性繁殖计划中应被视为遗传上不同的性状。相比之下，雌性类型的体重基本相同，同源性状表达之间的高遗传相关性表明了这一点。除了体重，雄性形态类型和雌性生殖状态本身也被视为性状，并使用动物和 sire 线性混合模型以及对数和概率阈值模型作为二元观察进行分析。从责任尺度转换而来的遗传力估计值与线性混合模型获得的估计值非常吻合，雄性形态类型的范围为 0.02 至 0.43，雌性类型的范围为 0.06 至 0.10。雄性形态类型之间的遗传相关性通常是有利的。体重与 SM（-0.96）呈负遗传关联，而体重与其他雄性形态类型的关联为正（0.25 至 0.76）。我们的结果表明，雄性形态类型存在可遗传（加性遗传）成分，为改变 GFP 种群结构进行遗传选择提供了前景。
