Fu Li, Zhang Lanhui, He Chansheng
Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Center for Dryland Water Resources Research and Watershed Sciences, Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (MOE), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Mar 4;11(3):2698-712. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110302698.
The Heihe River Basin (HRB) is the second largest inland river basin in arid Northwest China. The expanding agricultural irrigation, growing industrialization, and increasing urban development in the middle reach have depleted much of the river flow to the lower reach, degrading the corresponding ecosystems. Since the enactment of the State Council of China's new HRB water allocation policy in 2000 tremendous land use and land cover (LULC) changes have taken place to reduce water consumption in the middle reach and deliver more water downstream. This paper analyzes LULC changes during the period of 2000-2009 to understand how the changing land use patterns have altered water resource dynamics in the region. Results, while yet to be further verified in the field, show that from 2000 to 2009, urban, agricultural land, rangeland, and forest areas have increased, and barren area has decreased. Within the cropland, rice (a high water consumption crop) planting area decreased, while corn and wheat (relatively lower water consumption crops) planting areas increased. These changes in land use patterns, especially in the agricultural zones, have ensured the discharge of the required amount of water to the lower reach.
黑河流域是中国西北干旱地区的第二大内陆河流域。中游地区农业灌溉不断扩大、工业化进程加快以及城市发展日益增长，导致下游河段的河流水量大量减少，相应的生态系统也因此退化。自2000年中国国务院颁布新的黑河流域水资源分配政策以来，发生了巨大的土地利用和土地覆盖（LULC）变化，以减少中游地区的用水量，并向下游输送更多的水。本文分析了2000年至2009年期间的土地利用和土地覆盖变化，以了解土地利用模式的变化如何改变了该地区的水资源动态。尽管结果尚待实地进一步验证，但结果表明，2000年至2009年期间，城市、农业用地、牧场和森林面积增加，荒地面积减少。在农田中，水稻（高耗水作物）种植面积减少，而玉米和小麦（相对低耗水作物）种植面积增加。这些土地利用模式的变化，特别是在农业区的变化，确保了向下游排放所需水量。
