Jones Byron C, Huang Xuemei, Mailman Richard B, Lu Lu, Williams Robert W
Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.
J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2014 May;28(5):191-7. doi: 10.1002/jbt.21552. Epub 2014 Mar 5.
Paraquat is an herbicide used extensively in agriculture and has also been proposed to be a risk factor for Parkinson's disease. To date, experimental, clinical, and epidemiological data on paraquat neurotoxicity have been equivocal. In this short review, we discuss some technical and biological mechanisms that contribute to inconsistencies regarding paraquat neurotoxicity. We hypothesize that individual genetic variations in susceptibility generate major differences in neurotoxic risk and functional outcome. Identifying these heritable sources of variation in host susceptibility, and their role in complex gene-environment interactions, is crucial to identify risk biomarkers and to devise better prevention and treatment for those exposed to paraquat and other potential neurotoxicants.
百草枯是一种在农业中广泛使用的除草剂，也被认为是帕金森病的一个风险因素。迄今为止，关于百草枯神经毒性的实验、临床和流行病学数据一直存在争议。在这篇简短的综述中，我们讨论了一些导致百草枯神经毒性研究结果不一致的技术和生物学机制。我们假设个体易感性的基因变异会导致神经毒性风险和功能结果产生重大差异。识别宿主易感性中这些可遗传的变异来源及其在复杂基因-环境相互作用中的作用，对于识别风险生物标志物以及为接触百草枯和其他潜在神经毒物的人群设计更好的预防和治疗方法至关重要。
