Bozovic Djordje, Racic Maja, Ivkovic Nedeljka
Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Med Arch. 2013;67(5):374-7. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2013.67.374-377.
To determine the validity and psychobiological significance of salivary cortisol as a biomarker of stress in the experiments.
Stress is defined as a state in which homeostasis is jeopardized by the action of various external and internal stressors. The effect of cortisol is made through specific receptors located in the cytoplasm of the target cells. Determining blood cortisol levels, which has been the most widely used method, is characterized by certain shortcomings. The process of taking blood samples from the vein is accompanied by additional stress, which results in falsely positive results. Another flaw is found in the fact that cortisol taken and measured from serum or plasma represents total cortisol, not the free, biologically active one. Cortisol response lags behind ACTH by 5-20 minutes, with peak blood levels achieved in 10-30 min. The transfer of cortisol from blood to saliva takes place rather quickly, within no more than 2-3 min.
Although, the studies on correlation between saliva cortisol concentrations and free levels of this hormone in blood samples are lacking, salivary cortisol offer a novel approach in research of stress biomarkers with its ease of collection and potentially wide scope for application.
在实验中确定唾液皮质醇作为应激生物标志物的有效性和心理生物学意义。
应激被定义为一种内稳态因各种外部和内部应激源的作用而受到威胁的状态。皮质醇的作用是通过位于靶细胞细胞质中的特定受体实现的。测定血皮质醇水平是最广泛使用的方法，但其存在某些缺点。从静脉采集血样的过程会伴随额外的应激，这会导致假阳性结果。另一个缺陷是，从血清或血浆中采集并测量的皮质醇代表的是总皮质醇，而非游离的、具有生物活性的皮质醇。皮质醇反应比促肾上腺皮质激素滞后5 - 20分钟，血中峰值水平在10 - 30分钟内达到。皮质醇从血液转移到唾液的过程相当迅速，不超过2 - 3分钟。
尽管缺乏关于唾液皮质醇浓度与血样中该激素游离水平之间相关性的研究，但唾液皮质醇因其采集简便且潜在应用范围广泛，为应激生物标志物的研究提供了一种新方法。
