Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
Poult Sci. 2014 Mar;93(3):747-54. doi: 10.3382/ps.2013-03329.
The aim of the present study was to investigate, in red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) eggs, the effects of 7- and 42-d storage periods with different storage temperatures (15, 12, and 9°C) on egg weight loss, hatchability, chick weight at hatch, incubation length, and development stage at embryonic mortality. A total of 420 red-legged partridge eggs were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial design with 2 levels of storage length and 3 levels of storage temperature, resulting in 6 treatments consisting of 10 replications of 7 eggs each. We found that the storage length significantly reduced hatchability of the fertile eggs (P = 0.001), increasing late embryonic mortality (P = 0.001). Storage temperature did not influence on the embryonic mortality at any stage (P > 0.05). Egg weight loss during storage increased with the storage length (P < 0.001), storage temperature (P < 0.001), and their interaction (P < 0.001). Incubation length increased with the storage length (P < 0.001); however, it was not influenced by the storage temperature (P > 0.05). Nevertheless, incubation period decreased with the storage temperature for 7-d storage, and increased with the storage temperature for 42-d storage (P = 0.005). It can be concluded that in this study red-legged partridge eggs stored well with little deterioration up to 42 d at 9 and 12°C and 80% RH, in contrast to the lesser durability of eggs described in the literature for other poultry species. In case of 7-d storage periods, hatchability of A. rufa fertile eggs is higher when they are stored at 15°C. These findings are useful to address specific demands of game farms that require fertile eggs for hatching whose shelf-life should be long enough to maintain hatchability until further incubation. And, due to the marked reproductive seasonality of red-legged partridge, long-term storage of hatching eggs could permit the distribution of batches of chicks throughout the year.
本研究旨在探讨不同储存温度（15、12 和 9°C）下 7 天和 42 天储存期对红腿石鸡（Alectoris rufa）种蛋失重、孵化率、雏鸡出壳体重、孵化期和胚胎死亡时的发育阶段的影响。总共安排了 420 枚红腿石鸡种蛋，采用 2 个储存长度和 3 个储存温度的 2×3 因子设计，共 6 个处理，每个处理 10 个重复，每个重复 7 个种蛋。结果发现，储存时间显著降低了可孵化种蛋的孵化率（P=0.001），增加了晚期胚胎死亡率（P=0.001）。在任何阶段，储存温度都没有影响胚胎死亡率（P＞0.05）。储存过程中的种蛋失重随着储存时间（P＜0.001）、储存温度（P＜0.001）及其相互作用（P＜0.001）的增加而增加。孵化期随着储存时间的增加而增加（P＜0.001）；然而，它不受储存温度的影响（P＞0.05）。尽管如此，7 天储存期内，孵化期随储存温度的升高而缩短，42 天储存期内，孵化期随储存温度的升高而延长（P=0.005）。可以得出结论，在这项研究中，红腿石鸡种蛋在 9°C 和 12°C 及 80%相对湿度下储存 42 天，没有明显的恶化，与其他家禽种的文献中描述的种蛋的耐久性较差形成对比。在 7 天储存期内，15°C 下储存 A. rufa 可孵化种蛋的孵化率更高。这些发现有助于满足需要孵化种蛋的野味养殖场的特定需求，这些种蛋的货架期应足够长，以保持孵化率，直至进一步孵化。并且，由于红腿石鸡明显的繁殖季节性，种蛋的长期储存可以允许全年分批分发雏鸡。
