Nedbalcova K, Nechvatalova K, Pokludova L, Bures J, Kucerova Z, Koutecka L, Hera A
Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.
Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.
Vet Microbiol. 2014 Jul 16;171(3-4):328-36. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.02.004. Epub 2014 Feb 15.
Susceptibility in vitro and trends in resistance to antimicrobials were determined by a dilution micromethod in a group of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica and Escherichia coli isolates from clinical cases of cattle and swine diseases in the Czech Republic from 2007 to 2011. A high susceptibility of pig and cattle respiratory pathogens to antimicrobials was found, with the exception of the moderate prevalence of M. haemolytica resistance to ampicillin. In contrast to respiratory pathogens, low susceptibility of E. coli of pig and cattle isolates to ampicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was noted. Regarding resistance trends, an increase in levels of resistance among E. coli isolates to ampicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was identified, but the resistance of respiratory isolates was low, with the exception of M. haemolytica. For the period of 2007-2011, there was a significant and almost continuous increase in sales (compared with population correction unit) of ceftiofur, cefquinome and other beta lactams for pigs. Consumption peaked in 2010. In the case of amoxicillin in combination with clavulanic acid, data showed a significant decrease in sales from 2007 to 2008, followed by a period of fluctuation. In cattle, within the groups of 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins and for the whole group of other betalactams for the period of 2007-2011, there was a significant and almost continuous increase in sales (compared with population correction unit). Consumption peaked in 2010. In the case of ceftiofur, there was a huge increase noted from 2010. In the case of amoxicillin in combination with betalactamase inhibitor (clavulanic acid) data shows a significant decrease from 2007 to 2008, followed by a period of fluctuation in sales.
采用微量稀释法，对2007年至2011年捷克共和国牛和猪疾病临床病例中分离出的一组胸膜肺炎放线杆菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌、溶血曼氏杆菌和大肠杆菌进行了体外药敏试验及耐药性趋势分析。结果发现，猪和牛呼吸道病原体对抗菌药物高度敏感，但溶血曼氏杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药率中等。与呼吸道病原体相比，猪和牛分离株中的大肠杆菌对氨苄西林和阿莫西林/克拉维酸的敏感性较低。关于耐药性趋势，发现大肠杆菌分离株对氨苄西林和阿莫西林/克拉维酸的耐药水平有所上升，但呼吸道分离株的耐药性较低，溶血曼氏杆菌除外。在2007 - 2011年期间，猪用头孢噻呋、头孢喹肟和其他β-内酰胺类药物的销售额（与种群校正单位相比）显著且几乎持续增长。消费量在2010年达到峰值。就阿莫西林与克拉维酸联合用药而言，数据显示2007年至2008年销售额显著下降，随后有一段波动期。在牛方面，2007 - 2011年期间，第三代和第四代头孢菌素组以及整个其他β-内酰胺类药物组的销售额（与种群校正单位相比）显著且几乎持续增长。消费量在2010年达到峰值。就头孢噻呋而言，2010年起有大幅增长。就阿莫西林与β-内酰胺酶抑制剂（克拉维酸）联合用药而言，数据显示2007年至2008年销售额显著下降，随后销售额有一段波动期。
