Lavy M, Martin L, Eouzan D, Turco C, Heyd B, Mantion G, Parratte B, Tatu L
Department of Anatomy, University Hospital of Besancon, 3 Boulevard Fleming, 25000, Besançon, France,
Surg Radiol Anat. 2015 Jan;37(1):101-4. doi: 10.1007/s00276-014-1280-z. Epub 2014 Mar 11.
Vascular renal anomalies are frequent, multiple and well described and result from errors in vessel embryogenesis between the 6th and 10th week of gestation. Historically, variations are described in anatomic dissection and currently mostly in image interpretation. We report an anatomic variation concerning the right renal vein which, to our knowledge, has never been described in the literature either by dissection or by radiological examination. This variation was discovered during the routine dissection of an embalmed male body. It consists of a Y-shaped right renal vein and is associated with multiple retroperitoneal variations: a bilateral accessory renal artery, a trident ending of the right renal artery and a left testicular vein variation. Venous and arterial renal anatomy and its variations are fundamentally important in renal surgery, especially concerning living donor renal grafts. These variations may be diagnosed thanks to injected tomodensitometry which has a good sensitivity and specificity for anomalies. Preoperative diagnosis of an anatomic vascular renal variation may reduce morbidity during surgery, which is why precise examination of injected tomography should be mandatory.
肾血管异常很常见，具有多发性且已有充分描述，其起因是妊娠第6至10周期间血管胚胎发育出现差错。历史上，变异情况是在解剖学解剖中描述的，而目前大多是在影像解读中描述。我们报告了一种关于右肾静脉的解剖变异，据我们所知，无论是在解剖学上还是通过放射学检查，该变异在文献中均未曾被描述过。这种变异是在一具经过防腐处理的男性尸体的常规解剖过程中发现的。它由一条Y形右肾静脉构成，并伴有多种腹膜后变异：双侧副肾动脉、右肾动脉三叉状末端以及左睾丸静脉变异。肾静脉和动脉的解剖结构及其变异在肾脏手术中至关重要，尤其是对于活体供肾移植而言。借助注射式计算机断层扫描可以诊断出这些变异，其对异常情况具有良好的敏感性和特异性。术前诊断肾血管解剖变异可降低手术中的发病率，这就是为什么必须对注射式断层扫描进行精确检查的原因。
