Zhu Jingqi, Zhang Lei, Yang Zhangwei, Zhou Huang, Tang Guangyu
Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2015 Aug;37(6):667-75. doi: 10.1007/s00276-014-1403-6. Epub 2015 Jan 8.
To estimate the incidence, anatomical feature as well as type of the renal vein variation with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in an adult population.
A total of 1,452 patients who underwent MDCT angiography were retrospectively evaluated for the presence (number, length, origination, destination, branching pattern and course) of the renal vein variation. χ² test was used to compare the incidence of variations in left and right renal veins and the incidence of variations in each side renal vein between males and females.
Renal vein variations were observed in 358 patients (24.7 %, 358/1,452), which included 103 patients (7.1 %, 103/1,452) with left renal vein (LRV) variations, 279 patients (19.2 %, 279/1,452) with right renal vein (RRV) variations and 24 patients (1.7 %, 24/1,452) with bilateral renal vein variations. The frequency of RRV variations was significantly higher than that of LRV variations (p < 0.05). No statistically significant correlation was found between variations of renal vein (LRV and RRV) and gender (p > 0.05). According to the morphology of the renal vein, we classified LRV variations into five types: type I, circumaortic LRV (2.1 %, 31/1,452); type II, retroaortic LRV (2.1 %, 30/1,452); type III, abnormal reflux (1.7 %, 24/1,452); type IV, late venous confluence of LRV (0.9 %, 13/1,452); type V, rare type (0.3 %, 5/1,452), and RRV variations into three types: type 1, additional renal vein (18.7 %, 271/1,452); type 2, abnormal reflux (0.4 %, 6/1,452); type 3, rare type (0.1 %, 2/1,452).
The renal vein variations are not unusual, particularly in the RRV. Anomalies of the LRV are more complex than those of the RRV. The renal vein anatomy can be well depicted by MDCT angiography. Our new classification of the renal vein variations will improve the recognition of the renal vein morphology preoperatively.
通过多排螺旋计算机断层扫描（MDCT）评估成年人群肾静脉变异的发生率、解剖特征及类型。
回顾性分析1452例行MDCT血管造影的患者，评估肾静脉变异的情况（数量、长度、起源、终点、分支模式及走行）。采用χ²检验比较左右肾静脉变异的发生率以及男女性别中各侧肾静脉变异的发生率。
358例患者（24.7%，358/1452）存在肾静脉变异，其中左肾静脉（LRV）变异103例（7.1%，103/1452），右肾静脉（RRV）变异279例（19.2%，279/1452），双侧肾静脉变异24例（1.7%，24/1452）。RRV变异的发生率显著高于LRV变异（p<0.05）。肾静脉（LRV和RRV）变异与性别之间未发现统计学显著相关性（p>0.05）。根据肾静脉形态，我们将LRV变异分为五种类型：I型，主动脉周围LRV（2.1%，31/1452）；II型，主动脉后LRV（2.1%，30/1452）；III型，异常反流（1.7%，24/1452）；IV型，LRV静脉晚期汇合（0.9%，13/1452）；V型，罕见型（0.
