Costa D, Peña M T, Ríos J, Leiva M
Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
Vet Rec. 2014 May 10;174(19):478. doi: 10.1136/vr.102189. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
The objective of this study was to describe and compare the efficacy and duration of topical anaesthesia induced by 2 per cent lidocaine (L), 0.5 per cent bupivacaine (B) and 1 per cent ropivacaine (R) in the dog using 24 clinically healthy beagles with normal ocular examination. Dogs were randomly divided into three groups: 2 per cent lidocaine (n=8), 0.5 per cent bupivacaine (n=8) and 1 per cent ropivacaine (n=8). The baseline corneal touch threshold (CTT) was measured using a Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer. Following baseline CTT measurement, a single drop of the assigned anaesthetic was applied to each eye and the CTT was measured bilaterally within one minute after administration and every five minutes until the basal CTT value was restored. Data were analysed with non-parametric analysis of variance models and Dunnet's test for post hoc analysis. One per cent ropivacaine was the most effective drug (LCTTmax=3 cm, BCTTmax=2 cm, RCTTmax=0 cm; P<0.001), and had the shortest latency (LLatency=5 minutes, BLatency=5 minutes, RLatency=1 minute; P<0.001) and the smallest AUC (LAUC=80 cm×minute, BAUC=68.25 cm×minute, RAUC=36.88 cm×minute; P<0.001). There was no statistical difference in the duration of corneal anaesthesia between the groups (P=0.09) and all topical anaesthetics tested reduced corneal sensitivity, although 1 per cent ropivacaine had the maximal and quickest anaesthetic effect. This drug could be used for specific diagnostic procedures where quick and short, but effective, corneal anaesthesia is needed.
本研究的目的是描述并比较2%利多卡因（L）、0.5%布比卡因（B）和1%罗哌卡因（R）对24只眼部检查正常的临床健康比格犬进行局部麻醉的效果和持续时间。将犬随机分为三组：2%利多卡因组（n = 8）、0.5%布比卡因组（n = 8）和1%罗哌卡因组（n = 8）。使用Cochet - Bonnet麻醉计测量基线角膜触觉阈值（CTT）。在测量基线CTT后，将一滴指定的麻醉剂滴入每只眼睛，并在给药后1分钟内双侧测量CTT，之后每5分钟测量一次，直至恢复基础CTT值。采用非参数方差分析模型和Dunnet检验进行事后分析。1%罗哌卡因是最有效的药物（L组CTTmax = 3 cm，B组CTTmax = 2 cm，R组CTTmax = 0 cm；P < 0.001），潜伏期最短（L组潜伏期 = 5分钟，B组潜伏期 = 5分钟，R组潜伏期 = 1分钟；P < 0.001），曲线下面积最小（L组AUC = 80 cm×分钟，B组AUC = 68.25 cm×分钟，R组AUC = 36.88 cm×分钟；P < 0.001）。各组之间角膜麻醉持续时间无统计学差异（P = 0.09），所有测试的局部麻醉剂均降低了角膜敏感性，尽管1%罗哌卡因具有最大且最快的麻醉效果。这种药物可用于需要快速、短暂但有效的角膜麻醉的特定诊断程序。
