Aspenström Pontus
Biol Chem. 2014 May;395(5):477-84. doi: 10.1515/hsz-2013-0296.
The Rho GTPases are essential regulators of basic cellular processes, including cell migration, cell contraction and cell division. Most studies still involve just the three canonical members, RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, although the Rho GTPases comprise at least 20 members. The aim of this review is to highlight some of the recent advances in our knowledge regarding the less-studied Rho members, with the focus on RhoD and Rif. The phenotypic alterations to cell behaviour that are triggered by RhoD and Rif suggest that they have unique impacts on cytoskeletal dynamics that distinguish them from the well-studied members of the Rho GTPases. In addition, RhoD has a role in the regulation of intracellular transport of vesicles. Taken together, the available data indicate that RhoD and Rif have functions as master regulators in the integration of cytoskeletal reorganisation and membrane trafficking.
Rho GTP酶是细胞基本过程的重要调节因子，包括细胞迁移、细胞收缩和细胞分裂。尽管Rho GTP酶至少包含20个成员，但大多数研究仍仅涉及三个典型成员，即RhoA、Rac1和Cdc42。本综述的目的是强调我们在对研究较少的Rho成员的认识方面的一些最新进展，重点是RhoD和Rif。由RhoD和Rif触发的细胞行为的表型改变表明，它们对细胞骨架动力学具有独特的影响，这使它们有别于Rho GTP酶中那些已被充分研究的成员。此外，RhoD在囊泡的细胞内运输调节中发挥作用。综上所述，现有数据表明，RhoD和Rif在细胞骨架重组和膜运输的整合中起着主要调节因子的作用。
