压力、乐观主义与掌控感在老年人心理调适中的相互关系。
Interrelations of stress, optimism and control in older people's psychological adjustment.
作者信息
Bretherton Susan Jane, McLean Louise Anne
机构信息
Faculty of Education, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
出版信息
Australas J Ageing. 2015 Jun;34(2):103-8. doi: 10.1111/ajag.12138. Epub 2014 Mar 13.
AIM
To investigate the influence of perceived stress, optimism and perceived control of internal states on the psychological adjustment of older adults.
METHOD
The sample consisted of 212 older adults, aged between 58 and 103 (M = 80.42 years, SD = 7.31 years), living primarily in retirement villages in Melbourne, Victoria. Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale, Life Orientation Test-Revised, Perceived Control of Internal States Scale and the World Health Organisation Quality of Life-Bref.
RESULTS
Optimism significantly mediated the relationship between older people's perceived stress and psychological health, and perceived control of internal states mediated the relationships among stress, optimism and psychological health. The variables explained 49% of the variance in older people's psychological adjustment.
CONCLUSION
It is suggested that strategies to improve optimism and perceived control may improve the psychological adjustment of older people struggling to adapt to life's stressors.
目的
探讨感知压力、乐观主义以及对内部状态的感知控制对老年人心理调适的影响。
方法
样本包括212名老年人，年龄在58岁至103岁之间（平均年龄M = 80.42岁，标准差SD = 7.31岁），主要居住在维多利亚州墨尔本的退休村。参与者完成了感知压力量表、修订后的生活取向测试、对内部状态的感知控制量表以及世界卫生组织生活质量简表。
结果
乐观主义显著调节了老年人感知压力与心理健康之间的关系，对内部状态的感知控制调节了压力、乐观主义与心理健康之间的关系。这些变量解释了老年人心理调适差异的49%。
结论
建议改善乐观主义和感知控制的策略可能会改善难以适应生活压力源的老年人的心理调适。
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