Lancaster Kari, Ritter Alison
Drug Policy Modelling Program, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Drug Policy Modelling Program, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Int J Drug Policy. 2014 Sep;25(5):985-91. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.02.003. Epub 2014 Feb 15.
Analysis of how policy processes happen in real-world, contemporary settings is important for generating new and timely learning which can inform other drug policy issues. This paper describes and analyses the process leading to the successful establishment of Australia's first peer-administered naloxone program. Within a case study design, qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews with key individuals associated with the initiative (n=9), and a collaborative approach to data analysis was undertaken. Central to policy development in this case was the formation of a committee structure to provide expert guidance and support. The collective, collaborative and relational features of this group are consistent with governing by network. The analysis demonstrates that the Committee served more than a merely consultative role. We posit that the Committee constituted the policy process of stakeholder engagement, communication strategy, program development, and implementation planning, which led to the enactment of the naloxone program. We describe and analyse the roles of actors involved, the goodwill and volunteerism which characterised the group's processes, the way the Committee was used as a strategic legitimising mechanism, the strategic framings used to garner support, emergent tensions and the evolving nature of the Committee. This case demonstrates how policy change can occur in the absence of strong political imperatives or ideological contestation, and the ways in which a collective process was used to achieve successful outcomes.
分析现实世界中当代背景下政策过程如何发生，对于产生新的及时的知识以指导其他毒品政策问题至关重要。本文描述并分析了澳大利亚首个同伴管理纳洛酮项目成功设立的过程。在案例研究设计中，通过对与该倡议相关的关键人物进行半结构化访谈（n = 9）收集定性数据，并采用协作式数据分析方法。在这个案例中，政策制定的核心是形成一个委员会结构，以提供专家指导和支持。该团体的集体性、协作性和关系性特征与网络治理一致。分析表明，该委员会发挥的作用不仅仅是咨询性的。我们认为，该委员会构成了利益相关者参与、沟通策略、项目开发和实施规划的政策过程，这导致了纳洛酮项目的颁布。我们描述并分析了相关行为者的角色、该团体过程中体现的善意和志愿服务精神、将委员会用作战略合法化机制的方式、用于获得支持的战略框架、出现的紧张关系以及委员会不断演变的性质。这个案例展示了在没有强烈政治要求或意识形态争议的情况下政策变革是如何发生的，以及如何利用集体过程取得成功结果。
