Lavoie Suzie, Bartholomeuz Cali F, Nelson Barnaby, Lin Ashleigh, McGorry Patrick D, Velakoulis Dennis, Whittle Sarah L, Yung Alison R, Pantelis Christos, Wood Stephen J
Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, 161 Barry Street, Carlton South, Victoria 3053, Australia.
Schizophr Res. 2014 Apr;154(1-3):93-9. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.02.008. Epub 2014 Mar 11.
Three types of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) sulcogyral patterns have been identified in the general population. The distribution of these three types has been found to be altered in individuals at genetic risk of psychosis, and in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) and chronic schizophrenia. This study aims at establishing whether altered OFC sulcogyral patterns were present in a large cohort of individuals at ultra high risk (UHR) for psychosis. OFC pattern type was classified and the number of posterior and intermediate sulci present on the surface of the OFC was counted. OFC sulcogyral type and the number of sulci were compared between controls (n=58) and UHR participants who transitioned (n=49) versus those who did not transition (n=77) to psychosis. Finally, the relationship between sulcogyral type and number of sulci with intellectual quotient (IQ), symptom severity and social functioning of UHR individuals was explored. In line with other studies conducted in chronic schizophrenia and FEP, UHR individuals who later transitioned to psychosis showed a reduced incidence of the Type I OFC on the right hemisphere compared to controls (χ(2)=19.847, p<0.001). These highly consistent results point towards the protective effect of possessing a Type I OFC in the right hemisphere. Furthermore, OFC sulcus counts revealed that controls presented with a higher number of posterior (right hemisphere; χ(2)=11.658, p=0.003) and intermediate sulci (left: χ(2)=6.643, p=0.036; right: χ(2)=11.726, p=0.020) when compared to UHR individuals. However, no associations between OFC types or sulcus count and IQ, symptoms and functioning were observed.
在普通人群中已识别出三种眶额皮质（OFC）脑沟回模式。研究发现，这三种类型的分布在有精神病遗传风险的个体、首发精神病（FEP）患者和慢性精神分裂症患者中发生了改变。本研究旨在确定在一大群超高风险（UHR）精神病个体中是否存在改变的OFC脑沟回模式。对OFC模式类型进行分类，并计算OFC表面存在的后部和中间脑沟数量。比较了对照组（n = 58）与转化为精神病的UHR参与者（n = 49）和未转化为精神病的UHR参与者（n = 77）之间的OFC脑沟回类型和脑沟数量。最后，探讨了UHR个体的脑沟回类型和脑沟数量与智商（IQ）、症状严重程度和社会功能之间的关系。与在慢性精神分裂症和FEP中进行的其他研究一致，与对照组相比，后来转化为精神病的UHR个体右半球I型OFC的发生率降低（χ(2)=19.847，p<0.001）。这些高度一致的结果表明右半球拥有I型OFC具有保护作用。此外，OFC脑沟计数显示，与UHR个体相比，对照组的后部脑沟数量更多（右半球；χ(2)=11.658，p = 0.003）和中间脑沟数量更多（左半球：χ(2)=6.643，p = 0.036；右半球：χ(2)=11.726，p = 0.020）。然而，未观察到OFC类型或脑沟计数与IQ、症状和功能之间的关联。
