Garcia-Delatorre Paola, Pérez-Sánchez Consuelo, Guzmán-Ramos Kioko, Bermúdez-Rattoni Federico
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Coordinación de Investigación del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, DF, Mexico.
División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-253, México, DF 04510, Mexico.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2014 May;111:35-40. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2014.03.003. Epub 2014 Mar 13.
There are a number of experiments showing an important involvement of amygdala N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors on consolidation of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) memory. Interestingly, recent evidence has shown that α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) glutamate receptors are particularly involved in CTA retrieval. Memory reconsolidation has been proposed as a destabilization and re-stabilization process induced by memory reactivation. We have recently suggested that reconsolidation could be enabled in the absence of retrieval. Hence, we decided to analyze the participation of AMPA and NMDA receptors of the central (CeA) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) in CTA memory retrieval and reconsolidation. To do so, we tested whether administrations of an AMPA receptor blocker (NBQX) or an NMDA receptor blocker (APV) 15 min before a second acquisition trial could have effects on taste aversion. We found that administration of NBQX in the BLA blocked retrieval, whereas APV blocked reconsolidation in the BLA, and consolidation in the CeA. When we administered both NBQX and APV into the BLA before the second acquisition trial, results showed impairment of both retrieval and reconsolidation. These results further support the idea that reconsolidation is independent of retrieval, since retrieval blockade in the BLA did not impair memory reconsolidation. These results suggest that glutamate receptors have different participation on retrieval and reconsolidation of CTA and further support the hypothesis that these two processes could be independent.
有多项实验表明，杏仁核N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）谷氨酸受体在条件性味觉厌恶（CTA）记忆巩固中起重要作用。有趣的是，最近的证据表明，α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸（AMPA）谷氨酸受体特别参与CTA记忆提取。记忆再巩固被认为是由记忆重新激活引发的一个不稳定和再稳定过程。我们最近提出，在没有提取的情况下也可以实现再巩固。因此，我们决定分析杏仁核中央核（CeA）和基底外侧核（BLA）中的AMPA和NMDA受体在CTA记忆提取和再巩固中的作用。为此，我们测试了在第二次习得试验前15分钟给予AMPA受体阻断剂（NBQX）或NMDA受体阻断剂（APV）是否会对味觉厌恶产生影响。我们发现，在BLA中给予NBQX会阻断提取，而APV会阻断BLA中的再巩固以及CeA中的巩固。当我们在第二次习得试验前将NBQX和APV都注入BLA时，结果显示提取和再巩固均受损。这些结果进一步支持了再巩固独立于提取这一观点，因为BLA中的提取阻断并未损害记忆再巩固。这些结果表明，谷氨酸受体在CTA的提取和再巩固中具有不同作用，并进一步支持了这两个过程可能相互独立的假说。
