Herrera-Meza G, Aguirre-Manzo L, Coria-Avila G A, Lopez-Meraz M L, Toledo-Cárdenas R, Manzo J, Garcia L I, Miquel M
Postgrado en Neuroetología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Ver., Mexico.
Centro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Ver., Mexico.
Neuroscience. 2014 May 16;267:219-31. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.02.046. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
The suggestion of an anatomical and functional relationship between the basal ganglia and cerebellum is recent. Traditionally, these structures were considered as neuronal circuits working separately to organize and control goal-directed movements and cognitive functions. However, several studies in rodents and primates have described an anatomical interaction between cortico-basal and cortico-cerebellar networks. Most importantly, functional changes have been observed in one of these circuits when altering the other one. In this context, we aimed to accomplish an extensive description of cerebellar activation patterns using cFOS expression (cFOS-IR) after acute and chronic manipulation of dopaminergic activity. In the acute study, substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) activity was stimulated or suppressed by intra cerebral administration of picrotoxin or lidocaine, respectively. In addition, we analyzed cerebellar activity after the induction of a parkinsonism model, the tremulous jaw movements. In this model, tremulous jaw movements were induced in male rats by IP chronic administration of the dopamine antagonist haloperidol (1.5mg/kg). Acute stimulation of SNc by picrotoxin increased cFOS-IR in the vermis and cerebellar hemispheres. However, lidocaine did not produce an effect. After 14days of haloperidol treatment, the vermis and cerebellar hemispheres showed an opposite regulation of cFOS expression. Chronic dopaminergic antagonism lessened cFOS expression in the vermis but up-regulated such expression in the cerebellar hemisphere. Overall, the present data indicate a very close functional relationship between the basal ganglia and the cerebellum and they may allow a better understanding of disorders in which there are dopamine alterations.
基底神经节与小脑之间存在解剖学和功能上的关联这一观点是最近才提出的。传统上，这些结构被认为是各自独立工作的神经元回路，用于组织和控制目标导向运动及认知功能。然而，对啮齿动物和灵长类动物的多项研究描述了皮质 - 基底神经节网络与皮质 - 小脑网络之间的解剖学相互作用。最重要的是，当改变其中一个回路时，在另一个回路中观察到了功能变化。在此背景下，我们旨在通过急性和慢性调节多巴胺能活性后使用cFOS表达（cFOS免疫反应性，cFOS-IR）来全面描述小脑激活模式。在急性研究中，分别通过脑内注射印防己毒素或利多卡因来刺激或抑制黑质致密部（SNc）的活性。此外，并在诱导帕金森病模型（下颌震颤运动）后分析小脑活性。在该模型中，通过腹腔内慢性注射多巴胺拮抗剂氟哌啶醇（1.5mg/kg）在雄性大鼠中诱导下颌震颤运动）。印防己毒素对SNc的急性刺激增加了蚓部和小脑半球中的cFOS-IR。然而，利多卡因没有产生效果。氟哌啶醇治疗14天后，蚓部和小脑半球显示出cFOS表达的相反调节。慢性多巴胺能拮抗作用降低了蚓部中的cFOS表达，但上调了小脑半球中的这种表达。总体而言，目前的数据表明基底神经节与小脑之间存在非常密切的功能关系，这可能有助于更好地理解存在多巴胺改变的疾病。
