Weber R, Kühnel T, Graf J, Hosemann W
Nasenzentrum Marburg, Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Philipps-Universität, UKGM, Baldinger Str., 35033, Marburg, Deutschland,
HNO. 2014 Apr;62(4):297-304; quiz 305-6. doi: 10.1007/s00106-013-2828-7.
Aerosinusitis more frequently affects the frontal sinus than the maxillary sinus and mostly occurs during descent. Sinonasal diseases and anatomic variations leading to obstruction of paranasal sinus ventilation favor the development of aerosinusitis. This Continuing Medical Education (CME) article is based on selective literature searches of the PubMed database (search terms: "aerosinusitis", "barosinusitis", "barotrauma" AND "sinus", "barotrauma" AND "sinusitis", "sinusitis" AND "flying" OR "aviator"). Additionally, currently available monographs and further articles that could be identified based on the publication reviews were also included. In part 2, diagnostic measures, drug therapy, balloon dilatation and endoscopic sinus surgery are presented, along with a discussion regarding when flight attendants and pilots are able to resume their work. Endoscopic surgery to expand the natural drainage pathways of the affected sinuses with minimal surgical trauma to the healthy mucous membranes is largely successful.
航空性鼻窦炎累及额窦比上颌窦更为常见，且大多发生在下降过程中。鼻窦疾病和导致鼻窦通气受阻的解剖变异易引发航空性鼻窦炎。这篇继续医学教育（CME）文章基于对PubMed数据库的选择性文献检索（检索词：“航空性鼻窦炎”、“气压性鼻窦炎”、“气压伤”与“鼻窦”、“气压伤”与“鼻窦炎”、“鼻窦炎”与“飞行”或“飞行员”）。此外，还纳入了根据出版物综述可找到的现有专著及其他文章。在第2部分中，介绍了诊断方法、药物治疗、球囊扩张术和鼻内镜鼻窦手术，并讨论了空乘人员和飞行员何时能够恢复工作。通过鼻内镜手术扩大患侧鼻窦的自然引流通道，同时对健康黏膜造成最小的手术创伤，该方法大多取得成功。
