The evaluation of daily living activities, pressure sores and risk factors.

PURPOSE

This study was conducted to assess daily living activities, pressure sores and risk factors.

DESIGN

This was a descriptive study.

METHODS

The study was conducted at a rehabilitation center with 188 individuals participating in the study. Data were collected with a questionnaire form, Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADLS), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADLS) and Braden Risk Assessment Scale (BRAS).

FINDINGS

Among the participants, 48.9% were dependent according to activities of daily living and 71.8% were dependent on instrumental activities of daily living. It was noted that 4.8% had pressure sores and 38.8% were at high risk. A strong and positive correlation was found among ADLS, IADLS, and BRAS scores (p < .001). Participants who had a low body mass index, had lived at the rehabilitation center for a long time, and were fed on regime 1 or 2, had a higher risk of developing pressure sores (p < .001).

CONCLUSION

Individuals who were dependent according to ADLS and IADLS were at increased risk for the development of pressure sores. Individuals who are treated at rehabilitation centers should be periodically assessed in terms of risk. Pressure sore development can be prevented with appropriate nursing interventions.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

To reduce the risk of developing pressure sores, nurses should describe the individual's degree of dependency according to ADLS and IADLS and initiate preventive nursing care.