Department of Psychological Science, Kansas State University.
Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam.
J Appl Psychol. 2014 Sep;99(5):948-65. doi: 10.1037/a0036169. Epub 2014 Mar 17.
Previous proactivity research has predominantly assumed that proactive personality generates positive environmental changes in the workplace. Grounded in recent research on personality development from a broad interactionist theoretical approach, the present article investigates whether work characteristics, including job demands, job control, social support from supervisors and coworkers, and organizational constraints, change proactive personality over time and, more important, reciprocal relationships between proactive personality and work characteristics. Latent change score analyses based on longitudinal data collected in 3 waves across 3 years show that job demands and job control have positive lagged effects on increases in proactive personality. In addition, proactive personality exerts beneficial lagged effects on increases in job demands, job control, and supervisory support, and on decreases in organizational constraints. Dynamic reciprocal relationships are observed between proactive personality with job demands and job control. The revealed corresponsive change relationships between proactive personality and work characteristics contribute to the proactive personality literature by illuminating more nuanced interplays between the agentic person and work characteristics, and also have important practical implications for organizations and employees.
先前的主动性研究主要假设，积极主动的个性会在工作场所产生积极的环境变化。本文从广泛的交互理论方法出发，基于最近对个性发展的研究，探讨了工作特征（包括工作需求、工作控制、来自主管和同事的社会支持以及组织限制）是否会随时间推移而改变积极主动的个性，以及更重要的是，积极主动的个性与工作特征之间的相互关系。基于跨越 3 年 3 次的纵向数据进行的潜在变化分数分析表明，工作需求和工作控制对积极主动个性的增加具有积极的滞后影响。此外，积极主动的个性对工作需求、工作控制和主管支持的增加以及对组织限制的减少具有有益的滞后影响。在积极主动的个性与工作需求和工作控制之间观察到动态的相互关系。积极主动的个性与工作特征之间揭示的相应变化关系通过阐明主体与工作特征之间更细微的相互作用，为积极主动的个性文献做出了贡献，对组织和员工也具有重要的实际意义。
