Dehlin John P, Galliher Renee V, Bradshaw William S, Hyde Daniel C, Crowell Katherine A
Department of Psychology, Utah State University.
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University.
J Couns Psychol. 2015 Apr;62(2):95-105. doi: 10.1037/cou0000011. Epub 2014 Mar 17.
This study examined sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) by 1,612 individuals who are current or former members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS). Data were obtained through a comprehensive online survey from both quantitative items and open-ended written responses. A minimum of 73% of men and 43% of women in this sample attempted sexual orientation change, usually through multiple methods and across many years (on average). Developmental factors associated with attempts at sexual orientation change included higher levels of early religious orthodoxy (for all) and less supportive families and communities (for men only). Among women, those who identified as lesbian and who reported higher Kinsey attraction scores were more likely to have sought change. Of the 9 different methods surveyed, private and religious change methods (compared with therapist-led or group-based efforts) were the most common, started earlier, exercised for longer periods, and reported to be the most damaging and least effective. When sexual orientation change was identified as a goal, reported effectiveness was lower for almost all of the methods. While some beneficial SOCE outcomes (such as acceptance of same-sex attractions and reduction in depression and anxiety) were reported, the overall results support the conclusion that sexual orientation is highly resistant to explicit attempts at change and that SOCE are overwhelmingly reported to be either ineffective or damaging by participants.
本研究调查了1612名耶稣基督后期圣徒教会（LDS）现任或前任成员的性取向改变努力（SOCE）。数据通过全面的在线调查获得，包括定量项目和开放式书面回答。该样本中至少73%的男性和43%的女性尝试过性取向改变，通常采用多种方法，且持续多年（平均而言）。与性取向改变尝试相关的发展因素包括早期更高程度的宗教正统观念（对所有人而言）以及支持较少的家庭和社区（仅对男性而言）。在女性中，那些认定为女同性恋且报告金赛吸引力得分较高的人更有可能寻求改变。在所调查的9种不同方法中，私下和宗教性的改变方法（与治疗师主导或基于团体的努力相比）最为常见，开始时间更早，实施时间更长，且据报告危害最大、效果最差。当性取向改变被确定为目标时，几乎所有方法的报告效果都较低。虽然报告了一些性取向改变努力的有益结果（如同性恋吸引力的接纳以及抑郁和焦虑的减轻），但总体结果支持以下结论：性取向极难通过明确的改变尝试来改变，且参与者压倒性地报告性取向改变努力要么无效，要么具有危害性。
