Moray Gökhan, Arslan Gülnaz, Haberal Mehmet
Department of General Surgery, Transplantation, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Exp Clin Transplant. 2014 Mar;12 Suppl 1:20-3. doi: 10.6002/ect.25liver.l18.
Liver transplantation is the definitive treatment for end-stage liver diseases. The first successful liver transplant was performed in the United States by Thomas Starzl in 1967. The first successful solid organ transplant in Turkey was a living-related kidney transplant performed by Dr. Haberal in 1975. After much effort by Dr. Haberal, the Turkish parliament enacted a law about organ transplantation in 1979. After clinical and experimental studies, the first liver transplant in Turkey was performed by Dr. Haberal in 1988. The first successful partial living-donor liver transplant in children in Turkey was performed by the same team on March 15, 1990. On April 24, 1990, the first living-donor liver transplant was performed on a child in Turkey using a left lateral segment by Dr. Haberal and coworkers. On May 16, 1992, Dr. Haberal performed a simultaneous living-donor liver and kidney transplantation to an adult from the same donor. There currently are 30 liver transplantation centers in Turkey. According to data from the Ministry of Health, there presently are 2065 patients in Turkey who are waiting for a liver transplantation. From January 2002 to June 2013, there were 6091 liver transplants performed in Turkey (4020 living-donor [66% ] and 2071 deceased donor liver transplants [34% ]). From January 2011 to June 2013, there were 2514 patients who had liver transplants in Turkey, and 437 patients (17%) died. The number of liver transplants per year in Turkey reached 1000 transplants in 2012 and more than 1150 transplants in 2013 (15.1/million/y). Therefore, Turkey has one of the highest volumes of liver transplantation per population worldwide, with 90% survival within 1 year after transplantation.
肝移植是终末期肝病的确定性治疗方法。1967年，托马斯·斯塔兹尔在美国进行了首例成功的肝移植手术。1975年，哈贝勒医生在土耳其完成了首例成功的亲属活体肾移植，这也是该国首例成功的实体器官移植。在哈贝勒医生的多方努力下，土耳其议会于1979年颁布了一项关于器官移植的法律。经过临床和实验研究，1988年，哈贝勒医生在土耳其实施了首例肝移植手术。1990年3月15日，同一团队在土耳其完成了首例成功的儿童部分活体供肝移植手术。1990年4月24日，哈贝勒医生及其同事在土耳其为一名儿童进行了首例左侧肝叶活体供肝移植手术。1992年5月16日，哈贝勒医生为一名成年人进行了首例来自同一供体的活体供肝和肾联合移植手术。土耳其目前有30个肝移植中心。根据卫生部的数据，土耳其目前有2065名患者在等待肝移植。2002年1月至2013年6月，土耳其共进行了6091例肝移植手术（4020例活体供肝移植[66%]，2071例尸体供肝移植[34%]）。2011年1月至2013年6月，土耳其有2514名患者接受了肝移植手术，其中437名患者（17%）死亡。2012年，土耳其每年的肝移植手术数量达到1000例，2013年超过1150例（15.1/百万/年）。因此，土耳其是全球人均肝移植手术量最高的国家之一，移植后1年内的生存率为90%。
