Tsang Ling Ming, Chu Ka Hou, Nozawa Yoko, Chan Benny Kwok Kan
Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2014 Aug;77:11-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.03.002. Epub 2014 Mar 15.
Coral-inhabiting barnacles (Thoracica: Pyrgomatidae) are obligatory symbionts of scleractinian and fire corals. We attempted to reconstruct the phylogeny of coral-inhabiting barnacles using a multi-locus approach (mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNA, and nuclear EF1, H3 and RP gene sequences, total 3532bp), which recovered a paraphyletic pattern. The fire-coral inhabiting barnacle Wanella milleporae occupied a basal position with respect to the other coral inhabiting barnacles. Pyrgomatids along with the coral-inhabiting archaeobalanid Armatobalanus nested within the same clade and this clade was subdivided into two major lineages: Armatobalanus+Cantellius with species proposed to be the ancestral stock of extant coral barnacles, and the other comprising the remaining genera studied. Ancestral state reconstruction (ASR) suggested multiple independent fusions and separations of shell plates and opercular valves in coral barnacle evolution, which counters the traditional hypothesis founded on a scheme of morphological similarities. Most of the coral barnacles are restricted to one or two coral host families only, suggesting a trend toward narrow host range and more specific adaptation. Furthermore, there is a close linkage between coral host usage and phylogenetic relationships with sister taxa usually being found on the same coral host family. This suggests that symbiotic relationships in coral-inhabiting barnacles are phylogenetically conserved and that host associated specialization plays an important role in their diversification.
栖息于珊瑚的藤壶（Thoracica: Pyrgomatidae）是石珊瑚和火珊瑚的专性共生体。我们尝试使用多基因座方法（线粒体12S和16S rRNA，以及核EF1、H3和RP基因序列，共3532bp）重建栖息于珊瑚的藤壶的系统发育，结果得到了一个并系模式。栖息于火珊瑚的藤壶万氏拟茎藤壶相对于其他栖息于珊瑚的藤壶占据基部位置。拟茎藤壶类与栖息于珊瑚的古藤壶科Armatobalanus嵌套在同一分支内，该分支又细分为两个主要谱系：Armatobalanus + Cantellius，其物种被认为是现存珊瑚藤壶的祖先种群，另一个谱系包括其他研究的属。祖先状态重建（ASR）表明，在珊瑚藤壶的进化过程中，壳板和盖板存在多次独立的融合和分离，这与基于形态相似性方案建立的传统假设相悖。大多数珊瑚藤壶仅局限于一两个珊瑚宿主科，这表明宿主范围有变窄和适应更具特异性的趋势。此外，珊瑚宿主的使用与系统发育关系之间存在密切联系，姐妹类群通常存在于同一珊瑚宿主科。这表明栖息于珊瑚的藤壶中的共生关系在系统发育上是保守的，宿主相关的特化在它们的多样化中起重要作用。
