Sheppard Justine Joan, Hochman Roberta, Baer Carolynn
Teachers College, Columbia University, Box 180, 525W. 120 Street, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Woodbridge Developmental Center, Department of Speech and Hearing, PO Box 189, Woodbridge, NJ 07095, USA.
Res Dev Disabil. 2014 May;35(5):929-42. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.02.017. Epub 2014 Mar 15.
Swallowing and feeding disorder (dysphagia) have high incidence and prevalence in children and adults with developmental disability. Standardized screening and clinical assessments are needed to identify and describe the disorder. The aim of this study was to describe the psychometric properties of the Dysphagia Disorder Survey (DDS), a screening and clinical assessment of swallowing and feeding function for eating and drinking developed specifically for this population. The statistical analysis was performed on a sample of 654 individuals (age range 8-82) with intellectual and developmental disability living in two residential settings in the United States that served somewhat different populations. The two samples had similar factor structures. Internal consistency of the DDS and subscales was confirmed using Chronbach's coefficient alpha. The DDS demonstrated convergent validity when compared to judgments of swallowing and feeding disorder severity made by clinical swallowing specialists. Discriminative validity for severity of disorder was tested by comparing the two samples. The results of the study suggest that the DDS is a reliable and valid test for identifying and describing swallowing and feeding disorder in children and adults with developmental disability.
吞咽和进食障碍（吞咽困难）在发育障碍的儿童和成人中发病率和患病率都很高。需要进行标准化筛查和临床评估来识别和描述这种障碍。本研究的目的是描述吞咽障碍调查问卷（DDS）的心理测量特性，该问卷是专门为这一人群开发的用于评估饮食时吞咽和进食功能的筛查及临床评估工具。对居住在美国两个居住机构的654名智力和发育障碍者（年龄范围8 - 82岁）进行了统计分析，这两个机构服务的人群略有不同。两个样本具有相似的因子结构。使用克朗巴哈系数α确认了DDS及其子量表的内部一致性。与临床吞咽专家对吞咽和进食障碍严重程度的判断相比，DDS显示出收敛效度。通过比较两个样本测试了障碍严重程度的区分效度。研究结果表明，DDS是识别和描述发育障碍儿童和成人吞咽和进食障碍的可靠且有效的测试工具。
