Anisimov V N, Zharinov G M
Adv Gerontol. 2013;26(3):405-16.
The article presents data on mean age of death of 49 064 representatives of various creative professions: visual artists (painters, sculptors, architects, n = 8 458), musicians (composers, conductors, singers, pianists, violinists, etc. n = 7 883), writers and poets (n = 11 488), scientists (n = 21 235). The mean age of death among writers and poets was significantly (p < 0.001) less than that in visual artists, musicians and scientists whereas scientists lived longer than representatives of other categories (p < 0.001). Women lived longer than men of any studied categories (p < 0.02). It was shown that the mean age of death gradually but irregularly increased since the 1st century A. C. until the 20th century in any professional cohort. Visual artists-men in 20th century lived longer than in previous historical periods (p < 0.001). Scientists both females and males in 20th century lived longer then these in 19th century (p < 0.001). The first five places of long-livers among men belong to Nobel prize winners (78,8 yrs.), academicians (72,7 yrs.) and corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Sciences (71,7 yrs.), conductors (71,1 yrs.) and scientists (71,0 yrs.). Rock-musicians, author's song singer and poets lived less than other categories (43,6; 53,6 and 61,6 yrs. respectively). Among women leading long-livers were conductors (83,2 yrs.), harp-players (80,9 yrs.), academicians of the RAS (80,3 yrs.), clavesin-players (79,1 yrs.) and violinists (78,2 yrs.). Among women, less lived rock-musicians (37,6 yrs.), author's songs singers (51,4), horns and woodwinds instruments players (59,0 yrs.). Relative number of nonagenarians (90+) was much higher among women as compared to men. The values were as 43.75% of harp-players, 33.33% of conductors, 29.17% of architects, 20% of violinists and viola-players and 18.99% sculptors for women, and 16.67% of Nobel prize winners, 12.12% of conductors, 7.51% of academicians, 7.44% of violinists and 7.0% of scientists survived 90+ years among men. Centenarians were 8.33% of academicians and architects, 6.25% of harp-players and 4.22% of writers-poets among women, and only 0.76% of pianists, 0.45% of scientists and 0.42% of violinists were centenarians among men. Our data are in agreement with the opinion that high intellect and education directly correlate with longer life span and longevity.
本文呈现了49064名不同创意职业代表的平均死亡年龄数据：视觉艺术家（画家、雕塑家、建筑师，n = 8458）、音乐家（作曲家、指挥家、歌唱家、钢琴家、小提琴家等，n = 7883）、作家和诗人（n = 11488）、科学家（n = 21235）。作家和诗人的平均死亡年龄显著低于视觉艺术家、音乐家和科学家（p < 0.001），而科学家比其他类别的代表寿命更长（p < 0.001）。在所有研究类别中，女性比男性寿命更长（p < 0.02）。结果表明，自公元1世纪至20世纪，任何专业群体的平均死亡年龄都在逐渐但不规则地增加。20世纪的视觉艺术家男性比之前历史时期寿命更长（p < 0.001）。20世纪的科学家，无论男女，都比19世纪的科学家寿命更长（p < 0.001）。男性中寿命最长的前五名依次是诺贝尔奖获得者（78.8岁）、院士（72.7岁）、俄罗斯科学院通讯院士（71.7岁）、指挥家（71.1岁）和科学家（71.0岁）。摇滚音乐家、创作型歌手和诗人的寿命比其他类别短（分别为43.6岁、53.6岁和61.6岁）。女性中寿命较长的依次是指挥家（83.2岁）、竖琴演奏者（80.9岁）、俄罗斯科学院院士（80.3岁）、古钢琴演奏者（79.1岁）和小提琴家（78.2岁）。女性中寿命较短的是摇滚音乐家（37.6岁）、创作型歌手（51.4岁）、铜管乐器和木管乐器演奏者（59.0岁）。与男性相比，女性中90岁以上（90+）的相对比例要高得多。女性中竖琴演奏者的这一比例为43.75%，指挥家为33.33%，建筑师为29.17%，小提琴家和中提琴演奏者为20%，雕塑家为18.99%；男性中诺贝尔奖获得者的这一比例为16.67%，指挥家为12.12%，院士为7.51%，小提琴家为7.44%，科学家为7.0%。女性中院士和建筑师的百岁老人比例为8.33%，竖琴演奏者为6.25%，作家和诗人为4.22%；男性中百岁老人比例只有钢琴家的0.76%，科学家的0.45%，小提琴家的0.42%。我们的数据与高智力和高学历与更长寿命直接相关的观点一致。
