Talapalliwar Manoj Rajanna, Garg Bishan S
Department of Community Medicine, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Nagpur, 440019, Maharashtra, India,
Indian J Pediatr. 2014 Nov;81(11):1151-7. doi: 10.1007/s12098-014-1358-y. Epub 2014 Mar 21.
To find out the magnitude and epidemiological determinants of malnutrition among 0-6 y tribal children.
A community based cross sectional study was done in the villages of Melghat in central India. The information of 540 children in the age group 0-6 y was collected. The newly developed WHO growth standards were used to calculate conventional indices of malnutrition (underweight, stunting and wasting) and composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF). Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to find out the correlates of malnutrition.
The prevalence of malnutrition among these tribal children in terms of underweight, stunting, and wasting were 60.9 %, 66.4 % and 18.8 % respectively. Malnutrition in terms of composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) was 76.3 %. The important correlates of malnutrition that emerged out of this study were the age of child, age of mother less than 20 y at her first pregnancy, practice of not feeding colostrum, calorie deficit diet, anemia and morbidities like diarrhea and acute respiratory illnesses.
The prevalence of malnutrition was high in tribal children. The health care delivery at village level should be strengthened for early diagnosis and prompt treatment of anemia and other morbidities in children. The strategies are needed to delay the child bearing age in this community and improve breast feeding practices.
了解0至6岁部落儿童营养不良的严重程度及其流行病学决定因素。
在印度中部梅尔加特的村庄开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。收集了540名0至6岁儿童的信息。采用新制定的世界卫生组织生长标准来计算营养不良的传统指标（体重不足、发育迟缓、消瘦）以及人体测量失败综合指数（CIAF）。运用单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析来找出营养不良的相关因素。
这些部落儿童中，体重不足、发育迟缓、消瘦方面的营养不良患病率分别为60.9%、66.4%和18.8%。人体测量失败综合指数（CIAF）方面的营养不良率为76.3%。该研究得出的营养不良的重要相关因素包括儿童年龄、母亲首次怀孕时年龄小于20岁、不喂初乳的习惯、热量不足的饮食、贫血以及腹泻和急性呼吸道疾病等病症。
部落儿童营养不良患病率较高。应加强村级医疗服务，以便对儿童贫血和其他病症进行早期诊断和及时治疗。需要制定策略来推迟该社区的生育年龄并改善母乳喂养习惯。
