Bashline Logan, Li Shundai, Gu Ying
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
Ann Bot. 2014 Oct;114(6):1059-67. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcu040. Epub 2014 Mar 20.
Cellulose is an important constituent of plant cell walls in a biological context, and is also a material commonly utilized by mankind in the pulp and paper, timber, textile and biofuel industries. The biosynthesis of cellulose in higher plants is a function of the cellulose synthase complex (CSC). The CSC, a large transmembrane complex containing multiple cellulose synthase proteins, is believed to be assembled in the Golgi apparatus, but is thought only to synthesize cellulose when it is localized at the plasma membrane, where CSCs synthesize and extrude cellulose directly into the plant cell wall. Therefore, the delivery and endocytosis of CSCs to and from the plasma membrane are important aspects for the regulation of cellulose biosynthesis.
Recent progress in the visualization of CSC dynamics in living plant cells has begun to reveal some of the routes and factors involved in CSC trafficking. This review highlights the most recent major findings related to CSC trafficking, provides novel perspectives on how CSC trafficking can influence the cell wall, and proposes potential avenues for future exploration.
在生物学背景下，纤维素是植物细胞壁的重要组成部分，也是人类在制浆造纸、木材、纺织和生物燃料行业中常用的材料。高等植物中纤维素的生物合成是纤维素合酶复合体（CSC）的功能。CSC是一种包含多种纤维素合酶蛋白的大型跨膜复合体，被认为在高尔基体中组装，但只有当它定位在质膜时才被认为能够合成纤维素，在质膜处CSC将纤维素直接合成并挤出到植物细胞壁中。因此，CSC往返于质膜的运输和内吞作用是纤维素生物合成调控的重要方面。
活植物细胞中CSC动态可视化的最新进展已开始揭示一些与CSC运输有关的途径和因素。本综述重点介绍了与CSC运输相关的最新主要发现，提供了关于CSC运输如何影响细胞壁的新观点，并提出了未来探索的潜在途径。
