Li Shundai, Bashline Logan, Lei Lei, Gu Ying
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.
Arabidopsis Book. 2014 Jan 13;12:e0169. doi: 10.1199/tab.0169.
Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer synthesized on land, is made of linear chains of ß (1-4) linked D-glucose. As a major structural component of the cell wall, cellulose is important not only for industrial use but also for plant growth and development. Cellulose microfibrils are tethered by other cell wall polysaccharides such as hemicellulose, pectin, and lignin. In higher plants, cellulose is synthesized by plasma membrane-localized rosette cellulose synthase complexes. Despite the recent advances using a combination of molecular genetics, live cell imaging, and spectroscopic tools, many aspects of the cellulose synthesis remain a mystery. In this chapter, we highlight recent research progress towards understanding the mechanism of cellulose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
纤维素是陆地上合成的最丰富的生物聚合物,由β(1-4)连接的D-葡萄糖线性链组成。作为细胞壁的主要结构成分,纤维素不仅对工业用途很重要,而且对植物的生长发育也很重要。纤维素微纤丝由其他细胞壁多糖如半纤维素、果胶和木质素连接在一起。在高等植物中,纤维素由定位于质膜的玫瑰花结纤维素合酶复合体合成。尽管最近结合分子遗传学、活细胞成像和光谱工具取得了进展,但纤维素合成的许多方面仍然是个谜。在本章中,我们重点介绍了在理解拟南芥纤维素合成机制方面的最新研究进展。