Kotelnikov V M, Pogorelov V M, Berger J, Kozinets G I
Laboratory of Haemocytology, Central Research Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Moscow, USSR.
Folia Haematol Int Mag Klin Morphol Blutforsch. 1988;115(5):737-45.
Daily injection of cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg body weight) for 7 days resulted in accumulation of 50% of rat bone marrow granulocytes in G2. Tetraploid neutrophils were hypersegmented (7.25 +/- 0.33) in comparison with diploid ones (3.92 +/- 0.33). After 14 days of cyclophosphamide treatment tetraploid hypersegmented neutrophils could be found in peripheral blood. Diploid neutrophils in these animals were also hypersegmented (4.78 +/- 0.14 versus 3.15 +/- 0.02 in control, p less than 0.001). Nucleolar ribosomal gene activities, evaluated by morphometry of silver nucleolar grains, decreased on bone marrow granulocytes in the course of differentiation in control rats. After cyclophosphamide treatment mature granulocytes contained more silver grains than in controls which may be explained by conservation of silver binding sites of nucleoli from the stages of promyelocytes and myelocytes. These results suggest two mechanisms of hypersegmented neutrophil, generation in cyclophosphamide treated rats: the first, via maturation of myelocytes arrested in G2, and second, a direct one, without tetraploid granulocyte involvement.
连续7天每天注射环磷酰胺（20毫克/千克体重）导致50%的大鼠骨髓粒细胞积聚在G2期。与二倍体中性粒细胞（3.92±0.33）相比，四倍体中性粒细胞出现核分叶过多（7.25±0.33）。环磷酰胺治疗14天后，外周血中可发现四倍体核分叶过多的中性粒细胞。这些动物中的二倍体中性粒细胞也出现核分叶过多（4.78±0.14，而对照组为3.15±0.02，p<0.001）。通过银染核仁颗粒形态计量学评估的核仁核糖体基因活性，在对照大鼠骨髓粒细胞分化过程中降低。环磷酰胺治疗后，成熟粒细胞所含银颗粒比对照组多，这可能是由于早幼粒细胞和中幼粒细胞阶段核仁的银结合位点得以保留。这些结果提示环磷酰胺处理的大鼠中核分叶过多中性粒细胞产生的两种机制：第一种是通过停滞在G2期的中幼粒细胞成熟，第二种是直接产生，不涉及四倍体粒细胞。
